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How Does the Thyroid Gland Regulate Metabolism?
The endocrine system plays a role in the regulation of metabolism. One aspect of this involves the thyroid gland and its hormones.
The thyroid gland is a large, butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located in the neck, over top of the trachea (windpipe).
Figure 6. Thyroid gland
Scheme of the thyroid gland; Arnavaz; Public domain; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thyroide.jpg
Two hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland are triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
When T3 and T4 are released into the bloodstream, they affect nearly every cell in the body.
They activate (turn on) genes involved in cellular respiration. They cause increased production of ATP by the mitochondria.
Watch this video about how the thyroid regulates metabolism:
Can you answer these two questions?
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