Rhythm

4) Follow the rules of the script for Pali and Sanskrit, with added consonant sounds not usually found in the vernacular:

Sinhala

5) Follow the rules for the local pronunciation of Sanskrit written in Devanagari script:

Modern Buddhist communities in India

6) Follow Indic phonological conventions, within the limitations of phonemes easily produced by native speakers:

Khmer (Dhammayuttikanikāya), Thai (Dhammayuttikanikāya), Vietnamese

Rhythm of Pali recitation in South and Southeast Asia

1) Precise, metronomic observation of long and short syllables:

Khmer (Mahānikāya), Thai (Mahānikāya), Lao, Lanna

2) Precise, metronomic observation of long and short syllables, but with regular pauses at the end of each phrase in prose and each line in verse:

Khmer (Dhammayuttakanikāya), Thai (Dhammayuttakanikāya), Sinhala

3) Loose observation of long and short syllables, with clusters frequently shortened and final short vowels often lengthened:

Burmese, Mon, Shan, Tai Khün

4) Regular lengthening of syllables in musical chanting forms, particularly those near the end of the phrase:

Thai (Dhammayuttakanikāya), Sinhala

5) Irregular lengthening of syllables, including long melismatic passages

Khmer (Mahānikāya), Thai (Mahānikāya), Lanna, Sinhala

6) Complete flattening of short/long distinctions, resulting in an even, metrical pulse:

Khmer (Mahānikāya), Shan