An episode of Outlander I recently watched brought to mind an odd virtue that is not in any standard lists of virtues. I found it when researching scriptural references to virtues from different faiths for the board game I created in 2013 called "Heart to Heart." The virtue is MEMORY.
In early Buddhist teachings, sati, a term that means awareness or mindfulness, is rooted in the concept of the active exercise of memory. It is a concept based on the 'aggregate of perception' (saññā) that allows us to make sense of the world by recognizing, identifying, and conceptualizing our sensory experiences. A thorough examination of these ideas is outside the scope of this blog... if you want to learn more about memory as a virtue in Buddhist thought, here are a couple of resources.
"Once Again on Mindfulness and Memory in Early Buddhism" Anālayo, B. Mindfulness 9, 1–6 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0870-3
"Right Mindfulness: Memory & Ardency on the Buddhist Path" (PDF, 2012, Thanissaro Bhikkhu [Geoffrey DeGraff])
But let's move on to the scenes in Outlander that sparked my own memory. Claire Fraser, our heroine, has been captured by a band of lawless men led by the Frasers' sworn enemy, Lionel Brown. They beat her, tie her hands, gag her mouth, and anchor her at the root of a tree with a noose. It is night, and her captors are eating and laughing around a campfire nearby.
Suddenly, we are in Claire's mind, seeing her escape to a future of light and love, where she is surrounded by family at a Thanksgiving dinner. A song is playing (Never My Love, sung by The Association). In fact, we see Claire, in her mind, put this record on a record player at the beginning of the memory montage - a clever way of signalling that she is consciously playing this song in her head. As she lies under the tree, Claire's moans follow the rhythm of the song.
As Claire's extended family chatters over their turkey, they start thinking of names for a baby about to be born. The name Ringo (as in Ringo Starr, Beatles drummer who happens to be the oldest surviving member of that band) is suggested. A little later (or possibly a little before; time is pretty mashed up in this episode!), a sympathetic member of Claire's tormentors asks her, "Does the name Ringo Starr mean anything to you? My logical mind immediately jumps to the conclusion that she must have said Ringo's name out loud. Why else would the young man have used this means of confirming Claire's identity as a fellow time traveler?
Although more than a century has passed since the concept of a spacetime 'continuum' was perceived by Hermann Minkowski and Albert Einstein, we still think of space as something physical/tangible, and of time as something intangible. At least I do! It's hard to break out of that box. There's something of this idea of a separation between the intangible and the tangible in Luke chapter 12 verse 25: "Who of you by worrying can add a single hour to your life?" (or, "a single cubit to your height?")
Put that way, it seems laughable indeed that our thoughts might affect our physical reality, but research has shown a certain uncanny alignment between thought and action. About nine years ago (it seems like much more), I read "Peak: Secrets from the New Science of Expertise" by psychologist K. Anders Ericsson and Robert Pool. Peak debunks the oversimplification of 10,000 hours as a golden standard (first made famous by Malcolm Gladwell’s Outliers, which I also read). It emphasizes deliberate practice—highly structured, feedback-driven, goal-oriented training methods—as the real driver of elite performance and highlights the role of strong mental representations—that is, using imagery and cognitive rehearsal to deepen learning beyond physical action.
Specifically, in one study, a randomized trial conducted on medical students learning basic surgical skills showed that 2 physical sessions plus 1 mental imagery session yielded performance on par with 3 physical sessions. Source: Sanders et al. (2004) — “Comparing the effects of physical practice and mental imagery rehearsal on learning basic surgical skills by medical students.”
Another study was done with archery. It seems that visualizing not just hitting the target, but all of the motions required to align the bow and prepare for the shot, can be as effective as several practice shots. This works best with archers who are already experienced at their sport.
Close-up of "The Archer," a bronze sculpture of a woman archer by German artist Ferdinand Lepcke. The most famous version stands in Jan Kochanowski Park in Bydgoszcz, Poland, facing the Polish Theatre. It represents artistic freedom and resilience. Unveiled in 1910, the sculpture initially caused controversy due to its nudity but eventually became a beloved symbol of the city.
The following quote from "Peak" explores how this mental imagery works (it isn't merely thinking about doing something that counts). The emphasis is mine.
"If you teach a student facts, concepts, and rules, those things go into long-term memory as individual pieces, and if a student then wishes to do something with them—use them to solve a problem, reason with them to answer a question, or organize and analyze them to come up with a theme or a hypothesis—the limitations of attention and short-term memory kick in. The student must keep all of these different, unconnected pieces in mind while working with them toward a solution. However, if this information is assimilated as part of building mental representations aimed at doing something, the individual pieces become part of an interconnected pattern that provides context and meaning to the information, making it easier to work with. As we saw in chapter 3, you don’t build mental representations by thinking about something; you build them by trying to do something, failing, revising, and trying again, over and over. When you’re done, not only have you developed an effective mental representation for the skill you were developing, but you have also absorbed a great deal of information connected with that skill.”
You can find more quotes on GoodReads.
I was thinking about goal-oriented behavior this past week. I think I can be more effective at work by having this thought in mind during any task, however small: Will this help me achieve my purpose, or might it actually work to defeat my purpose? This type of thinking keeps your life's purpose at the leading edge of memory. Constantly referring to your own high standards as you work is a strategy to 'defeat the limitations of short-term memory' and turn them into an 'interconnected pattern that provides context and meaning.'
I thought you might like to revisit the song "Never My Love." When I looked it up (I wondered if Ringo Starr had a connection to it, but apparently not), I found that one of the members of The Association, Larry Ramos Jr, was the first Asian American to win a Grammy Award. Apart from the obvious connection to a love that travels through and transcends intangible Time, I wonder if that small fact had anything to do with why the producers of Outlander chose that particular song?
Lyrics
You ask me if there'll come a time / When I grow tired of you
Never my love (x2)
You wonder if this heart of mine / Will lose its desire for you
Never my love (x2)
What makes you think love will end / When you know that my whole life depends on you? (On you)
Never my love (x2)
You say you fear I'll change my mind / And I won't require you / Never my love (never my love) (x2)
How can you think love will end / When I've asked you to spend your whole life with me? (With me, with me)
Never my love (never my love) - and so on!
Songwriters: Richard P. Addrisi / Donald J. Addrisi
Never My Love lyrics © Warner-Tamerlane Publishing Corp.
One other small thing that stuck with me during that episode was a brightly orange orange (fruit) featured in Claire's mind's eye. She saw it later on in the episode as well, after she had been rescued, when she decided she would "do no harm" to the man who had hurt and almost killed her. I have a personal association with orange (the color). To me, it symbolizes safety, goodness, and rescue from the dangers that are a part of life. Also, intelligence (as in mindfulness), because it's the color of the robes worn by Ananda Marga monks. I had asked one of the Dadas (the term for male monks) why orange, and that is what he said. Intelligence, although the Internet says the orange robes symbolize "enlightenment, purity, and detachment from material possessions in Buddhist traditions."
I suppose it's all the same, come to think of it! If the purpose of life is enlightenment, and if mental imagery (an important method of using our intelligence) can help with that, then intelligence, memory, illusive time, and a higher purpose are surely intricately aligned.
Last update: August 3rd, 2025