Alternative finishes, also known as Cold Finishes, can be used on ceramics that are intended purely for decoration. They are an economical alternative to glaze and do not require the kiln. Multiple cold finish techniques can be used together in much the same way as they can be in two-dimensional artwork. A sealant, such as Modge Podge, varnish, or Kryon Spray can be used if desired to protect the finish and make the colors more vibrant. However, sealants are not necessary (unless using graphite or chalk pastels).
Special Note: All of these techniques can be done on air-dry clay as well as clay that is not yet fired. Not all projects require firing as the process and learning involved are important to emphasize, in addition to the product.
Caution: These finishes should NOT be used on pieces intended to be used for food. After applying these finishes, do not put these ceramic pieces in the kiln as doing so will burn the finish off.
Watercolors can be used on bisqueware. As they absorb quickly into the porous bisqueware, multiple layers are needed for a deeper color or value.
Tempera Cakes can be used similarly to watercolors but the colors tend to be richer and more opaque.
A sealant, such as Modge Podge can be used but is not necessary.
Tempera paint can be used on bisqueware as here on the bird (and sealed with Modge Podge if desired).
Acrylic Paint is a great way to finish bisqueware. A base coat should be applied before adding the desired color(s) and decorations to prevent fading over time. Acrylic paint has the added benefit of being waterproof.
Unlike watercolor and tempera paint, acrylic paint is permanent and can easily ruin clothing.
Puffy paint can be used to designs and texture to bisqueware. It is especially nice on top of a coat of acrylic paint.
Spread rubbing alcohol ink over the area desired to have color. Before the alcohol dries, add drops of alcohol ink on the surface. Use a straw to blow the ink around. The artist will need to work quickly as the bisque is porous and will quickly absorb the alcohol.
Caution: This technique may not be suitable for young students. Consider the age and responsibility level of your students prior to use.
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Chalk pastels can be used on bisque. Pencil can be used, as well. A sealant SHOULD be used on these pieces to prevent smudging.
Richer color and darker values must be built up with multiple layers. Colored pencils will need to be sharpened several times during use. A sealant, such as Modge Podge can be used but is not necessary.
Ceramic Cold Finish - Colored Pencils - Shawna N.M. Barnes (shawnabarnes.com)
Regular markers or Sharpie markers can be used on bisqueware to add designs and to add color.
Shoe Polish can be used on bisque. As bisque is very porous, multiple layers may be necessary to achieve the desired value.
While printing can be done with underglaze, it can also be done with acrylic or tempera paint on bisque using such printing techniques as mono-printing, block printing, and screen printing.
Tissue paper can be glued onto bisque for a collaged finish. Alternatively, tissue paper can be placed on bisque, dampened with water, and left in place to dry. Once dry, the tissue paper can be removed for a soft tie-dye effect.
The create a shaving cream marbling look, squirt out shaving cream in a shallow container and spread evenly to a thickness of about half an inch. Add drops of watercolor paint or liquid watercolors onto the shaving cream. Use a stick or back end of a paint brush to add a draw a pattern through the paint drops (ex. swirling or spiraling pattern). Carefully rolls the bisqued piece in the shaving cream/ink pattern. Rinse off the excess shaving cream with water, or blot off the excess shaving cream with a paper towel, being careful to use a clean part of the paper towel for each section of the piece.
Multiple cold finish techniques can be used together in much the same way (and following the same properties/procedures) as they can be in two-dimensional artwork.
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Crayons, especially construction paper crayons, can be used with watercolors painted on top.
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Tempera paint can be painted on bisqueware. Once dry, oil pastels can be used on top to add more color and texture.
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After adding color with colored pencils, black India ink can be used as a wash on top and then rinsed lightly in water. This process can give an aged look to the piece.
After color is added with oil pastels, watery tempera paint or India ink can be painted over the entire piece. Alternatively, the students can dip their pieces into a container of the watery black paint/ink and remove them from the container to let them dry. If desired, the pieces can be rinsed in water to lighten the black staining. This technique produces an aged look.
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