As a board-certified neurologist, Dr. Espinosa is proficient in the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of various neurological disorders, including but not limited to stroke, epilepsy, movement disorders, multiple sclerosis, neuropathies, and dementia. We employ a patient-centered approach, taking the time to listen to patients, understand their concerns, and develop personalized treatment plans tailored to their unique needs. 

Dr. Espinosa keeps abreast of the latest advancements in neurology by actively participating in continuing medical education programs and staying engaged with research developments in the field. They are dedicated to providing evidence-based care and implementing innovative treatment modalities to optimize patient outcomes. 

In addition to their clinical practice, Dr. Espinosa has been actively involved in teaching and mentoring medical students, residents, and fellows. Dr. Espinosa has presented at national and international conferences and has published research articles in reputable medical journals. 

PUBLICATIONS: (Available at Pubmed and Google scholar)

Journal Articles:  Pub med key word: “Espinosa PS” available at www.pubmed.gov

1. Azhar M, Fiedler L, Espinosa PS, Hennekens CH. Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Dementia: A Hypothesis Generated but Not Adequately Tested. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2021 Jan-Dec;36:15333175211062413. doi: 0.1177/15333175211062413. PMID: 34935509

2.    Ortiz-Prado E, Mascialino G, Paz C, Rodriguez-Lorenzana A, Gómez-Barreno L, Simbaña-Rivera K, Diaz AM, Coral-Almeida M, Espinosa PS. A Nationwide Study of Incidence and Mortality Due to Traumatic Brain Injury in Ecuador (2004-2016). Neuroepidemiology. 2020;54(1):33-44. doi: 10.1159/000502580. Epub 2019 Aug 28. PMID: 31461702.

3.    Espinosa Del Pozo PH, Espinosa PS, Donadi E, Rogel L, Naranjo R, Haro GE, Riera DC, Mendoza GS, Garzón NA, Andrade NF. Detecting Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Santa Cruz, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. Cureus. 2020 Oct 6;12(10):e10826. doi: 10.7759/cureus.10826. PMID: 33173633; PMCID: PMC7645294.

4.    Espinosa PS, Rizvi Z, Sharma P, Hindi F, Filatov A. Neurological Complications of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Encephalopathy, MRI Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid Findings: Case 2. Cureus. 2020 May 2;12(5):e7930. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7930. PMID: 32499974; PMCID: PMC7266087.

5.    Filatov A, Sharma P, Hindi F, Espinosa PS. Neurological Complications of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Encephalopathy. Cureus. 2020 Mar 21;12(3):e7352. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7352. PMID: 32328364; PMCID: PMC7170017.

6.    Filatov A, Khanni JL, Alusma-Hibbert K, Espinosa PS. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus. 2020 Apr 21;12(4):e7767. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7767. PMID: 32461843; PMCID: PMC7243655.

7.    Herard K, Khanni JL, Alusma-Hibbert K, Samuels CR, Espinosa PS. Neurological Disorders Associated with Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies. Cureus. 2019 May 23;11(5):e4738. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4738. PMID: 31355097; PMCID: PMC6649892.

8.    Rankine KA, Filatov A, Sharma P, Alusma-Hibbert K, Espinosa PS. Delayed Identification of Cortical Superficial Siderosis in a Patient with Recurrent Transient Focal Neurological Symptoms: A Case Report. Cureus. 2019 Jul 23;11(7):e5211. doi: 10.7759/cureus.5211. PMID: 31565615; PMCID: PMC6758969.

9.    Filatov A, Khanni JL, Espinosa PS. Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus. 2020 Apr 20;12(4):e7745. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7745. PMID: 32454526; PMCID: PMC7241220.

10.  Naum R, Filatov A, Alusma-Hibbert K, Espinosa PS. Pulmonary Edema and Stunned Myocardium in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Cureus. 2020 Apr 20;12(4):e7746. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7746. PMID: 32455064; PMCID: PMC7241227.

11.  Brenner J, LeBlang S, Lizotte-Waniewski M, Schmidt B, Espinosa PS, DeMets DL, Newberg A, Hennekens CH. Mindfulness with paced breathing reduces blood pressure. Med Hypotheses. 2020 Sep;142:109780. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109780. Epub 2020 Apr 22. PMID: 32353795.

12.  Gonzalez H H, Rane M, Cioci A, Goodman S and Espinosa PS (March 12, 2019) Disseminated Central Nervous System Histoplasmosis: A Case Report. Cureus 11(3): e4238. doi:10.7759/cureus.4238

13.  Samuels CR, Khanni JL, Barkley K, Azhar M, Espinosa PS. Case Report: An

Incidental Finding of Fahr's Disease in a Patient with Hypochondria. Cureus. 2018

Dec 1;10(12):e3668. doi: 10.7759/cureus.3668. PubMed PMID: 30761221; PubMed

Central PMCID: PMC6367120.

14.  Espinosa PH, Espinosa P S, Donadi E A, et al. (September 07, 2018) Cognitive Decline in Adults Aged 65 and Older in Cumbayá, Quito, Ecuador: Prevalence and Risk Factors. Cureus 10(9): e3269. doi:10.7759/cureus.3269

15.  Khanni J L, Casale J A, Koek A Y, Espinosa PS., Espinosa, PH. (September 10, 2018) Artery of Percheron Infarct: An Acute Diagnostic Challenge with a Spectrum of Clinical Presentations. Cureus 10(9): e3276. doi:10.7759/cureus.3276

16.  Manam R, Martin J L, Gross J A, Espinosa PS., et al. (September 27, 2018) Case Reports of Pembrolizumab-induced Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy. Cureus 10(9): e3371. doi:10.7759/cureus.3371 PMCID: PMC6257738.

17.  Koek A Y, Espinosa PS. Ave Maria and Visions of Children: Atypical Charles Bonnet Syndrome or Two Coexisting Deafferentation Phenomena?. Cureus 10(8): e3191. doi:10.7759/cureus.3191 August 23, 2018

18.   Stein A A, Vrionis F, Espinosa PS, and Moskowitz S. Report of an Isolated L5 Radiculopathy Caused by an L2-3 Disc Herniation and Review of the Literature. Cureus 10(4): e2552. doi:10.7759/cureus.2552.  April 30, 2018.

19.  Alberto Maud, Tatiana Chacon-Quesada, Luis Ramos-Duran, Salvador Cruz-Flores, Espinosa PS , Gustavo J. Rodriguez. Symptomatic focal cerebral arteriopathy in a young man Journal of Pediatric Neuroradiology 3 (2014) 147–151

20.  Espinosa PS., MD, MPH; Patricio H. Espinosa, MD; Alberto G. Basantes, MD; Roberto M. Velez, MD; German A. Echeverría, MD; Marta S. Mendiondo, PhD; Frederick A. Schmitt, PhD; Gregory A. Jicha, MD, PhD; Richard J. Kryscio, PhD, James E. Galvin, MD; Charles D. Smith, MD. Validation Study of the AD8 and CDR Spanish Versions for Detecting Dementia in Ecuador Kentucky Medical Journal February 2013/Vol 111 (5-11).

21.  Patricio H. Espinosa del Pozo, Espinosa PS.,  Yaira R. Garzon,  Roberto M. Velez,  Ernesto V. Batallas,  Alberto Basantes,  Jazmín N. Betancourt, Gisella N. Zurita, Alexis S. Aguilar, Juan Carlos Salazar Uribe, Gregory A. Jicha, Frederick A. Schmitt, Marta S. Mendiondo, Richard J. Kryscio, James E Galvin and Charles D. Smith. Factores de riesgo y prevalencia de la demencia y enfermedad de Alzheimer en Pichincha – Ecuador (Estudio FARYPDEA) Rev Fac Cien Med (Quito) 2012; 37 (1-2)

22.  Laccheo I, Espinosa PS. International Issues: Neurology mission in the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest. Neurology. 2012 Feb 28;78(9):e60-2. PubMed PMID: 22371418.

23.  Espinosa, PS., Berger JB., Delay Fingolimod Associated Asystole Journal of Multiple Sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal Mult Scler. 2011 Jun 7. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 21652609.

24.  Espinosa PS, Espinosa PH, Smith CD, Berger JB. Contralateral Optic Neuritis Following Silicone Oil Endotamponade For Retinal Detachment Journal of Neurology & Neurophysiology Neurol Neurophysiol 2011, 2:112 doi: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000112. April 4th 2011.

25.  Espinosa, PS., Perez, DL., Abner, E., and Ryan, M. Association of Antiepileptic Drugs, Vitamin D, and Calcium Supplementation with Bone Fracture Occurrence in Epilepsy Patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2011 Apr 18. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21507568

26.  Espinosa, PS., Bensalem-Owen, MK, and Fee, DB. Sporadic Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease  presenting as Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2010 Jul;112(6):537-40. Epub 2010 Apr 28.

27.  Espinosa PS, Lee JW, Tedrow UB, Dworetzky BA. Effects of Seizures on Cardiac Function. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2010 Apr;27(2):139. PMID: 20375715

28.  Karakis I, Montouris GD, Otis JA, Douglass LM, Jonas R, Velez-Ruiz N, Wilford K, Espinosa PS. A quick and reliable EEG montage for the detection of seizures in the critical care setting. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2010 Apr;27(2):100-5. 20234318

29.  Espinosa, PS, Lee JW, Tedrow UB, Bromfield, EB, Dworetzky, BA. Sudden Unexpected Near Death in Epilepsy (SUNDEP): Malignant ventricular arrhythmia from a partial seizure. Neurology 2009 May 12;72(19):1702-3. PMID: 19433745.

30.  Das RR, Lucey BP, Chou SH, Espinosa PS, Zamani AA, Dworetzky BA, Bromfield EB,Lee JW.  The Utility of Conductive Plastic Electrodes in Prolonged ICU EEG Monitoring. Neurocrit Care. 2008 Sep 20. PMID: 18807217

31.  Espinosa PS, Salazar JC, Yu L, Mendiondo M, Robertson WC, Baumann RJ. Lack of Valproic Acid Associated Weight Gain in Pre-Pubral Children. Pediatr Neurol. 2008 Sep;39(3):177-80. PMID: 18725062

32.  Espinosa PS, Baumann RJ, Vaishnav AG. Elastosis Perforans Serpiginosa, Down Syndrome and Moyamoya Disease. A case report. Pediatric Neurology Journal Pediatr Neurol. 2008 Apr;38(4):287-8. PMID: 18358411

33.  Espinosa PS, Pettigrew LC, Berger JR.  Hereditary hemorrhagic telangectasia and spinal cord infarct: Case report with a review of the neurological complications of HHT. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2008 Feb 25; PMID: 18304727

34.  Espinosa PS. One and a Half Syndrome in a patient with Mulitple Sclerosis. Neurology. 2008 Jan 29;70(5):e20.

35.  Baumann RJ, Espinosa PS. Neuroepidemiology of HIV/AIDS. Handb Clin Neurol. 2007;85:3-31. PMID: 18808973

36.  Espinosa PS, Espinosa PH, Choudry Bilal, Wilbourn R, Vaishnav AG. Pituitary hypoplexy a Medical Emergency. J Ky Med Assoc. 2007 Nov;105(11):543-44. PMID: 18183804.

37.  Espinosa PS, Berger JR. Acute central cord syndrome with bodybuilder sign. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2007 Jan 12; PMID: 17224234

38.  Espinosa PS, Smith CD, Berger JR. Alien hand syndrome. Neurology. 2006 Dec 26;67(12):E21. PMID: 17190927

39.  Ryan M, Romanelli F, Nee JK, Anochie L, Espinosa PS. Characteristics of participants enrolled in a Quit and Win smoking cessation program. J Ky Med Assoc. 2006 Oct;104(10):469-74. PMID: 17087044

40.  Espinosa PS, Smith CD, Berger JR. Homonymous hemianopsia complicating treatment of postoperative epistaxis. Neurology. 2006 Oct 10;67(7):1305. PMID: 17030776

41.  Espinosa, PS, Kryscio RJ., Mendiondo MS, Schmitt FA, Wekstein DR, Markesbery WR and Smith, CD; Alzheimer’s Disease and Head Circumference J Alzheimers Dis. 2006;9(1):77-80.  PMID: 16627937

42.  Espinosa, P.S., and Berger J.R; Volitional Opsoclonus, Neuro-images, Neurology. 2005 Sep 13;65(5):E11. PMID: 16157893

43.  Berger JR, Espinosa P.S, Kissel J.  Brachial amyotrophic diplegia in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection: widening the spectrum of motor neuron diseases occurring with the human immunodeficiency virus. Arch Neurol. 2005 May;62(5):817-23. Review.  PMID: 15883271

44.  Espinosa del Pozo, P., Prado.R., Espinosa P.S., : La Cefalea, el Dolor de Cabeza en el Deporte, Medicina del Deporte, Volumen 1, N.-1 Dic 1997.Ed. IDEAS:

45.  Espinosa .P.S., Garzón Y., Neurocisticercosis : Epidemiología , Prevención y Tratamiento. ED Unidad Neurociencias Vol 5 . Universidad Central, Quito- Ecuador. 1999.