Taekwondo Forge - Link:Terminology

What is Taekwondo Terminology?

Taekwondo terminology is the complete vocabulary of the art. It's not just a collection of Korean words; it's the language of the dojang. This includes the essential commands used during training, like 'Charyeot' for attention and 'Kyongnye' for bowing, which establish discipline and respect. It also encompasses the specific names for every technique, such as 'Ap Kubi' for a front stance or 'Dollyeo Chagi' for a roundhouse kick, allowing for precise and efficient instruction. Beyond the physical, terminology includes the deeper symbolic meanings and philosophical tenets of Taekwondo, such as Courtesy, Integrity, and Perseverance. Understanding these terms connects the physical practice to the mental and spiritual aspects of the art, transforming a simple workout into a journey of self-improvement.

Why is Terminology Used?

The use of a formal Korean terminology is a cornerstone of martial arts training. It serves multiple purposes beyond just a language barrier. First and foremost, it provides clarity and precision. Every block, kick, and stance has a specific name, ensuring that instructors can give exact commands without any room for confusion. This allows for more effective teaching and learning, leading to faster progress. Second, it is a way to honor the tradition and roots of Taekwondo. Using the original Korean terms shows respect for the art's heritage and connects all students to its history. Finally, terminology helps to build focus and discipline. When you're constantly learning and using new words, your mind stays engaged, and it reinforces the mental aspect of your training. It creates a shared language that unifies practitioners around the world, making you part of a global community.

Where is Terminology Used?

Taekwondo terminology is used everywhere, from the first moment you step into the dojang to the most important moments of your training.

In the Dojang: This is the primary place where you'll hear and use terminology. The instructor uses commands like 'Charyeot' (attention) and 'Junbi' (ready) to manage the class. During drills, every student uses the correct Korean name for each stance, block, and kick, which ensures clear communication and consistency. It’s also used when practicing forms (poomsae), where commands dictate the start and end of each sequence.
During Sparring and Breaking: In sparring (Gyeorugi), while the action is fast, the terminology is used to call out techniques or to receive instruction from a coach. During breaking (Gyeokpa), it’s used to announce the technique you are about to perform.
At Ceremonies and Tests: Formal ceremonies and belt tests are where terminology is essential. You’ll hear commands for bowing and receiving your new belt, and you will be tested on your ability to recite and perform techniques by their proper Korean name. Knowing the terms is a sign of your discipline and dedication.
Connecting the Community: Because Taekwondo is a global art, using a common Korean terminology connects practitioners from all over the world. Whether you're training in your local dojang or visiting a school in another country, you'll share a common language of commands and techniques.

The use of Korean terminology is a core part of Taekwondo training, and it serves several important purposes.

Honoring Tradition: First and foremost, using Korean terms honors the art's heritage and its roots. By speaking the language of Taekwondo, you connect to its history and show respect for the martial artists who came before you.
Clarity and Precision: Every stance, kick, and block has a specific Korean name. This creates a clear and precise language that is universally understood in any dojang around the world. It eliminates confusion and ensures every student is learning the exact same technique.
Building Discipline: The act of learning and using this specific terminology requires focus and attention. It trains your mind and reinforces the discipline that is at the heart of Taekwondo.

The Taekwondo Terminology Guide

This guide is your key to the language of Taekwondo. Understanding these terms is essential for connecting to the art's rich history and communicating with fellow students and instructors worldwide.

Dojang Commands

These are the most common commands you will hear and use in the training hall (Dojang).

Charyeot (차렷): Attention. This is the first command you'll hear in any class.
Kyongnye (경례): Bow. A fundamental sign of respect.
Junbi (준비): Ready. Get into the ready stance.
Sijak (시작): Begin.
Baro (바로): Return to ready stance.
Guman (그만): Stop.
Dora (돌아): Turn around.
Haechan (해산): Class dismissed.

Basic Tenets of Taekwondo

These are the core philosophical principles that every student must learn. They are the true meaning behind the physical movements.

Courtesy (Ye Ui): The respect shown to others in all actions.
Integrity (Yom Chi): The ability to tell right from wrong and to act with a clear conscience.
Perseverance (In Nae): The strength to endure and continue training despite challenges.
Self-Control (Guk Gi): The ability to control your mind and body, especially in difficult situations.
Indomitable Spirit (Baekjul Boolgool): The courage to face any obstacle without fear.

Body Sections (Mom)

Knowing the different sections of the body is essential for both attacking and defending.

Olgul (얼굴): High section (face and head).
Momtong (몸통): Middle section (trunk).
Arae (아래): Low section (below the waist).

Stances (Seogi)

Stances are the foundation of all techniques. A strong stance provides balance, power, and stability.

Ap Seogi (앞서기): Walking Stance.
Ap Kubi Seogi (앞굽이 서기): Front Stance.
Dwit Kubi Seogi (뒷굽이 서기): Back Stance.
Beom Seogi (범서기): Tiger Stance.
Juchum Seogi (주춤서기): Horse-Riding Stance.

Hand Techniques (Jireugi, Makgi, Chigi)

Hand techniques are used for both offense and defense, and their proper execution is vital.

Jireugi (지르기): Punching.
- Momtong Jirugi (몸통 지르기): Middle Punch.
- Olgul Jirugi (얼굴 지르기): High Punch.
Makgi (막기): Blocking.
- Arae Makgi (아래막기): Low Block.
- Momtong Makgi (몸통막기): Middle Block.
- Olgul Makgi (얼굴막기): High Block.
- Sonnal Momtong Makgi (손날 몸통막기): Knife Hand Block.
Chigi (치기): Striking.
- Sonnal Chigi (손날 치기): Knife Hand Strike.

Kicks (Chagi)

Kicks are the most recognizable part of Taekwondo, known for their power and speed.

Ap Chagi (앞차기): Front Snap Kick.
Dollyeo Chagi (돌려차기): Roundhouse Kick.
Yeop Chagi (옆차기): Side Kick.
Dwit Chagi (뒤차기): Back Kick.
Naeryeo Chagi (내려차기): Axe Kick.
I-Dan Dollyeo Chagi (이단돌려차기): Jump Roundhouse Kick.
Bandal Chagi (반달차기): Crescent Kick.