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Gange's 9 Conditions of Learning (1992)
Gange's 9 Conditions of Learning (1992)
- Gaining Attention
- Informing Learners of the Objective
- Stimulating Recall of Prior Learning
- Presenting the Stimulus
- Providing Learning Guidance
- Eliciting Performance
- Providing Feedback
- Assessing Performance
- Enhancing Retention and Transfer
Course Learning Objectives:
Course Learning Objectives:
- Students will be able to explain the theory comprehensible input by Stephen Krashen (1989)
- Students will be able to define scaffolding and the zone of proximal development by Lev Vygotsky (1978,1996)
- Students will be able to distinguish between instructional scaffolding and linguistic scaffolding (Gibbons, 2015)
- Students will be able adapt content area materials for WIDA levels 2 and 4 ELLs using instructional and linguistic scaffolding (WIDA, 2018).
Each course objective will be transformed into a learning module which will encompass all of the nine steps of Gagne's (1992) model of learning . Below is an example of a learning environment sequence that aligns the nine steps for the learning objective "Students will be able to explain the theory of 'comprehensible input' by Stephen Krashen (1989)."
- Gaining Attention
- Informing Learners of the Objective
- Stimulating Recall of Prior Learning
- Presenting the Stimulus
- Providing Learning Guidance
- Eliciting Performance
- Providing Feedback
- Assessing Performance
- Enhancing Retention and Transfer
1. A demonstration of teaching some common words in Hanguel (Korean language) with an without pictures to aid comprehension.
2. Explain the objectives for this module.
3. Learners will be directed to reflect on prior experiences when learning accompanied with and without pictures was helpful or not.
4. Interactive reading materials and a video presentation by Stephen Krashen on his 'input hypothesis' theory of Second Language Acquisition which emphasizes comprehensible input .
5. True/false and multiple choice questions will be embedded into the video to guide student learning. If a question is answered incorrectly the courseware will require the user to return to a specific section of the video or reading material to rewatch/reread.
6. Performance will be elicited through a final assignment for the module that requires the users to create a graphic organizer that explains how language learning is enhanced with comprehensible input.
7. Feedback will be provided first via peers using Slack and then after revisions are considered and made, users will submit their work to the instructor via email.
8. Instructor will assess performance via a rubric.
9. The final assignment to complete the module will be to assess a 'case study' of a teacher who did not consider comprehensible input strategies for their ELLs and engage in a discussion on Slack with peers and instructor how they would advise the instructor.
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