The term ‘Powered Two Wheelers' (PTWs) includes mopeds, scooters and motorcycles.

Around 8 PTWs can fit in the same space as one car, reducing road space occupied for parking, lowering congestion and allowing space for other uses.

Research by the University of Leuven has shown that if just 1 in 10 car journeys were replaced by a PTW then congestion would reduce by 40% and emissions would reduce by 6%

PTWs are an essential commuting and working mode used by a wide range of people including key workers, nurses, doctors, delivery workers and professionals.

According to DfT, the average trip length by PTW is 4 times longer than by bicycle, and even 25% longer than the average car trip, so a large proportion of PTW trips cannot be replaced by walking or cycling.

PTWs are significantly less polluting than cars on a per mile basis, for example emitting around 3-4 times less NO2 per mile than cars according to all official government statistics, which do not even account for the fact that PTWs are less affected by congestion in urban environments.

Councils often justify parking charges for zero emission electric cars on the basis that they contribute to congestion, parking pressure, and produce particulate emissions from brake and tyre wear, which are related to a vehicle’s weight. However, electric PTWs do not contribute to congestion, take up barely any parking space, and weigh far less than electric cars so are more similar to a cargo-bicycle in terms of air quality impact.