Cases

December 6, 2017

Anonymous

"Hi my names Fatima I’m a Muslim girl who wears a hijab. I’m 13 years old and hears my story. I used to live in Ohio but me and my family decided to move here in California. I moved here and I was in 5th grade. I was friends with a group of girls who were all Mexican. They always talked about me behind my back. I found out that they called me really mean names. They called me ugly, Indiana Jones, fat ass, a bitch, and they told me to put my head into the toilet. I have also been bullied here at my school my first year in middle school a sixth grader. I was at my locker and to girls came up to me and called me a man because I was wearing a scarf. This year I heard two boys talking about me and my scarf and calling me an ISIS. I wanna let you guys all now that just because you see a Muslim woman wearing a scarf or a Muslim man it doesn’t mean we’re ISIS . You can’t judge people by their religion. Every religion in this world is unique. Let bullying stop today. Let it stop right now. Many people become suicidal because of bulling."

Cantwell v. Connecticut (1940)

The Court considered whether a Connecticut statute requiring a permit to solicit for religious or charitable purposes violated First Amendment Free Speech or Free Exercise rights. It ruled unanimously against the state, noting that although general regulations on solicitation are legitimate, in allowing local officials to determine which causes were religious and which ones were not and to issue and deny permits accordingly, the state of Connecticut took on the role of determining religious truth—which violated the First and Fourteenth Amendments. The Court also held that the peaceful expression of beliefs is protected by the First Amendment from infringement by not only the federal government, but also by state governments. This was the first time the Court applied the Free Exercise Clause to the states. (Citation: 310 US 296)

School District of Abington Township, Pennsylvania v. Schempp (1963)

The Court considered whether a Pennsylvania law and policy of the Abington School District requiring public-school students to participate in classroom exercises involving daily Bible verse reading violated the religious freedom of students under the First and Fourteenth Amendments. In an 8-1 decision, the Court found that the Pennsylvania law and school-district practice violated the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause. (Citation: 374 U.S. 203)

Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)

The Court examined whether the state of Wisconsin’s requirement that all parents send their children to school at least until age 16 violated the First Amendment by criminalizing the conduct of parents who refused to send their children to school for religious reasons. In their unanimous decision, the Court ruled that Amish adolescents could be exempt from the state law requiring school attendance for all 14 to 16-year-olds, because their religion required living apart from the world and worldly influence. The state’s interest in having students attend 2 additional years of school did not outweigh the individual’s right to free exercise of religious belief. (Citation: 406 US 205)