Given above is a diagram showing the Earth orbiting around the Sun with its 4 positions in a year of completing the orbital cycle. This is what is so far understood by the Scientific World, and taught to all the students around the World. I hereby controvert this thesis on the basis of my logics about conditions of the Earth surface,which we encounter everyday and everywhere.
1- Looking at the diagram, we can easily understand that the Northern and Southern Hemispheres of the Earth get symmetrically placed with respect to the Sun around a year, the duration of the Earth's completion of one orbit. This means that both the hemispheres of the Earth are equally affected by the light and heat from the Sun reaching the Earth in the period of a year, provided that the Sun remains the same all over the year, and that for this study we may presume that the Sun remains stationary at the center of the earth's orbit.
But we have been observing the following facts about the conditions on the Earth surface.
a- Original human populations on the Earth surface are generally White in the Northern Hemisphere, and generally black in the Southern Hemisphere, indicating thereby that amount of heat energy reaching from the sun on the two hemispheres is unequal - more on the Southern Hemisphere and Less on the Northern Hemisphere, affecting skin colors of population on the two hemisheres.
b- There exists a wide difference between the lights reaching on the two polar zones of the Earth - Arctic and Antarctica. Day and Night durations on the two polar zones are also quite different with respect to duration and area on the two polar zones.
c- Geographical conditions on the two polar zones too are quite different from each other, with dry land in Antarctica, and Icy waters in the Arctic zone.
d- Durations of Days and Nights on the Earth surface vary along the longitudes and at different times of the year. These variations are NOT symmetrical in the two hemispheres. In view of the above diagram of the Sun-Earth geometry, these variations must have been symmetrical in the two hemispheres.
2- The spinning axis of the Earth is said to be inclined with respect to the perpendicular to the assumed orbital plane of the Earth's motion is said to be inclined by an angle of about .5 degrees and that remains the same all around the year. No understandable logic for tis inclination is givem by the theorists so far except that ihe Earth maintains its inclination that was at the time of an assumed Big Bang.
3. Two motions of the Earth have been found at the same rate for thousands of years. For this too, the Orbit thesis Scientists take shelter under the Big Bang and the Newton's law of Motion under no-resistance situations. While the speed at which the Earth orbits - around 100,000 km per hour, which can not be without frictional heat and resistance. It seems the Earth gets Energy from somewhere for maintaing the rates of the two motions.
With all these points, the Author of this post argues that the Big Bang theory is not yet proved and established, hence it is merely an assumption. Taking support of an assumption is no scientific wisdom.
Sun, Earth, Orbit, Motion
Most of the objects we come across in our daily life have length, width and thickness, which can not be drawn on a plain paper having only two dimensions. Hence, we are compelled to consider a third dimensions some way. The space all around us too is 3-dimensional. Let us first understand how we depict things of two types in our Engineering and Geographical studies.
Plain and Space Geometry
Consider a plain rectangular piece of paper with negligible thickness. It can be placed and measured in its two dimensions length and width, needing no third dimension of thickness. While making a drawing of it, we need only 2 axes crossing each other on our assumed origin. Physically, the two axes extend from West to East, and North to South, as shown in the above figure. In Engineering and Geographical terms, it is called a 2-dimensional or Plain Geometry. We use this convention for simplicity in understanding .
Referring to previous description of Plain Geometry, now consider that the paper under consideration has a considerable thickness too. This makes it impossible to rely on plain geometry, and we need a third dimension also. Since the four directions North, South, East and West are in a horizontal plain, geographically, so our available space has two directions of Up and Down remaining unused. We make use of these additional directions in a 3-dimensional Geometry, as depicted above.
For convenience in study of our planet Earth, Science and Geography students and Specialists make use of a model of the Earth called Globe. Currently vogue model of the Earth is shown in the figure on the side. This model has a spherical body on which major things and places, like the Mountains, Plains, Rivers, Oceans etc are depicted. For covenience of study, the Sphere is mounted on a structure to facilitate its spinning around an axis passing through the North and South Poles of the Earth Model, like the Earth spins. The axis of spin in the model is tilted from the vertical line by 23.4 degrees, like the Earth axis is assumed tilted.
Additionally, the surface of the spherical body is divided using lines through North-South Poles, called Lattitudes, and lines perpendicular to Lattitudes all around the Sphere. These lines are called Longitudes. These Lattitudes and Longitudes are assumed to divided the Earth surface to facilitate earmarking any point on the Earth surface through this grid network.
Author's Objections
This Author has been studying the Earth-Sun-Polestar relationship for about a decade, and is in the process of understanding the relationship which is radically different from what is so far understood by the Scientific World. Basic objections are in the modelling of the Earth in the form of the Globe that has led, in opinion of the Author, to misunderstand the Earth and its close relatives.
The Globe, model of the Earth is NOT a plain object but a 3-dimensional object, hence its North can't be put in the vertically up direction, like what is done in Plain Geometry. The study would be greatly facilitated if the Model's North-South axis is place horizontally like the North-South directions we know.
The Globe shows the North-South axis tilted by 23.4 degree from vertical line through the center of the spherical model of the Earth. This tilt is assumed to be like that in the plain geometry. May be, this tilt too need a 3-dimensional consideration.
An Alternate Model
First of all, the spin axis of the Globe must be horizontal, so that it may be placed with its North Pole facing the Polestar. This would automatically bring the East and West directions in the same space directions. If a viewer is atthe Southern end of the Globe, direction of spin of the Earth would be anticlockwise. TWothe Sun placed on the Up direction of the Globe making the top half of the Globe getting the Sunshine. As the Globe spins in the said direction, Sunshine would go on expanding on the Eastern end of the Globe while the Western edge of the Globe would be losing the Sunshine gradually.
Further details of the Globe would be provided in due course in later Articles.