In addition to directly collaborating with universities and defense companies, DTU is also implicated in the oppresion of Palestinians through its investment portfolio. We have investigated DTU's financial activity and identified several cases of investments being made in companies which have a known contribution to the occupation. By making these investments DTU is supporting companies that profit from helping to maintain the Israeli apartheid system, thus subsequently contributing to human rights violations against Palestinians which makes the university complicit in these activities. In this section we list our findings.
As our group was not formed until late 2023, we did not have access to DTU’s investment portfolio or any detailed information on prior investments before December of that year. However, according to a Danish newspaper article [219] in 2021 DTU invested approximately €30k in a total of 17 companies operating in illegal Israeli settlements. The article does not clarify whether the amount represents a snapshot of DTU’s investments or their investments during a specific period in 2021. Over the past year, we have persistently sought greater transparency regarding the university’s investment holdings, resulting in getting access to 16 portfolio disclosures at various time points. DTU does not voluntarily disclose its investment portfolios, and our request to access these documents has been based on “offentlighedsloven” (Public Disclosure Act in Administration) [220].
Table 1 summarizes our findings from analyzing DTU’s investment portfolios that we were given access to, focusing on companies that matched the UN Human Rights Council database of entities with activities in illegal Israeli settlements [221] and the Occupations divestment list provided by the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) [222,223]. The use of the AFSC divestment list is a credible complement to the UN database since it has a transparent human rights-based methodology with a rigorous evaluation of companies’ responsibility based on set criteria, including harm caused and responsiveness, and it is regularly updated. Due to the incomplete nature of portfolios provided, we could not consistently calculate the total amount of investments.
SEB: Scandinaviska Enskilda Bank; N/A: not applicable (i.e. investment amount not provided or due to overview incomplete portfolio, investments could not be calculated or portfolio could not be matched to UN database or AFSC divestment list).
Disclaimer: The calculations in this report are based on the assumption that all amounts reported in the university’s investment portfolios we received are in Danish kroner (DKK), as the university is based in Denmark. In cases where the currency is not explicitly specified, this assumption has guided our analysis.
Here we describe the category of complicity for each of the 10 companies matched from DTU’s portfolios to the UN and AFSC databases. DTU has invested in the past year more than 20 million DKK (€2.7m) in 10 companies involved in state violence and human rights violations as a part of occupations, through supporting and maintaining illegal settlements in occupied lands, exploiting and plundering natural resources in occupied lands, supporting the system of severe travel restrictions Israel imposes on Palestinians, and providing militant groups with weapons and equipment designed for and consistently used in war crimes or attacks on civilians [221–223].
Specifically, these companies are:
Online travel companies which provide rental and touristic services inside illegal settlements, including transport [224,225]
A US-based multinational manufacturer of construction machinery and equipment. Its products are weaponized for the Israeli military and are used in home demolitions; in the construction of illegal settlement infrastructure, border walls, and military checkpoints; and in military assaults against Palestinians [226–229]
A US-based communications and surveillance company. Leading supplier of license plate recognition software. Sells surveillance products for use at US prisons, at the US-Mexico Border, and by US police agencies. Its equipment is installed in illegal settlements and in the separation wall in the West Bank and is used by the Israeli military, police, and prison service.229–231A US-based communications and surveillance company. Leading supplier of license plate recognition software. Sells surveillance products for use at US prisons, at the US-Mexico Border, and by US police agencies. Its equipment is installed in illegal settlements and in the separation wall in the West Bank and is used by the Israeli military, police, and prison service [229–231]
Primo Water Holdings Inc. is a subsidiary of Primo Water Corp. [232], which is a Canadian multinational beverage and food service company (formerly Cott Corp). Its Israeli subsidiary Eden Springs [233] extracts water from the occupied Golan Heights and maintains a presence in an illegal settlement there [234]
The UK’s second largest weapons manufacturer. Its German subsidiary MTU235 makes the engines for Israel’s main battle tanks and armored personnel carriers [236]
Delek Logistics Partners, LP is a subsidiary of Delek US Holdings, Inc., which itself is majority-owned by Delek Group Ltd., an Israeli multinational conglomerate of automotive, energy, insurance, and real estate companies. It owns and operates gas stations and convenience stores throughout the occupied West Bank and Golan Heights [221,229,237]
Altice provides services and utilities supporting the maintenance and existence of settlements, including transport; make use of natural resources, in particular water and land, for business purposes [229]
Based on available information, DTU has not implemented or committed itself to an ethical investment policy and has carried out limited human rights due diligence measures in its investments. It continues to invest in companies profiting from the violations of human rights of Palestinians and shows no established process for screening those investments. Transparency remains an issue, since the university has yet to provide complete investment portfolios consistently (including every single instrument that is being invested in, as well as the amount), and has not publicly announced any divestment decisions. After months of pressure, it has recently stopped investing in Airbnb and Booking Holdings Inc., however this decision was performed ad hoc and is not part of a broader or long term divestment strategy; instead it required an explicit request to their asset managers for these two companies. DTU still has no clear oversight policy, stating it relies on its asset managers’ compliance. Without clear and enforceable ethical guidelines, the university’s commitment to human rights and international legal standards is ambiguous and inadequate.
DTU should promptly implement an ethical investment policy including frequently updated exclusion lists, regular monitoring of its investments, and a divestment strategy to prevent its assets from supporting the Israeli apartheid and human rights violations. Additionally, DTU should ensure transparency by periodically making its investment portfolios publicly accessible.
[219] Arbejderen. DTU har investeret i 17 firmaer på den besatte Vestbred. 2021. url: https://arbejderen.dk/indland/dtu-har-investeret-i-17-firmaer-paa-den-besatte-vestbred/
[220] Retsinformation. Bekendtgørelse af lov om offentlighed i forvaltningen. 2019. url: https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/2020/145
[221] United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner. OHCHR update of database of all business enterprises involved in the activities detailed in paragraph 96 of the report of the independent international factfinding mission to investigate the implications of the Israeli settlements on the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights of the Palestinian people throughout the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem. 2023. url: https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session31/database-hrc3136/23-06-30-Update-israeli-settlement-opt-database-hrc3136.pdf
[222] American Friends Service Committee. Occupations. url: https://investigate.afsc.org/occupations
[223] American Friends Service Committee. How to Divest. url: https://investigate.afsc.org/divest
[224] Human Rights Watch. Bed and Breakfast on Stolen Land: Tourist Rental Listings in West Bank Settlements. Nov. 2018. url: https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/11/20/bed-and-breakfast-stolen-land/tourist-rental-listings-west-bank-settlements
[225] Amnesty International. Israel/OPT: Tourism companies driving settlement expansion, profiting from war crimes. Jan. 2019. url: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/01/israel-opt-tourism-companies-driving-settlement-expansion-profiting-from-war-crimes/
[226] Human Rights Watch. Israel - Caterpillar Should Suspend Bulldozer Sales: Weaponized Bulldozers Used to Destroy Civilian Property and Infrastructure. Nov. 2004. url: https://www.hrw.org/news/2004/11/21/israel-caterpillar-should-suspend-bulldozer-sales
[227] N. Lakhani. “Norway pension fund sells $69m stake in Caterpillar over alleged involvement in Gaza destruction”. In: The Guardian (June 2024). url: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jun/28/norway-divest-caterpillar-gaza
[228] N. Ebrahim and M. Schwartz. “‘He got out of Gaza, but Gaza did not get out of him’: Israeli soldiers returning from war struggle with trauma and suicide”. In: CNN (Oct. 2024). url: https://edition.cnn.com/2024/10/21/middleeast/gaza-war-israeli-soldiers-ptsd-suicide-intl/index.html
[229] Danwatch. Companies with activities in or around illegal Israeli settlements. Jan. 2017. url: https://old.danwatch.dk/en/nyhed/companies-with-activities-in-or-around-illegal-israeli-settlements/
[230] Middle East Monitor. Danish pension giant divests from Motorola over ties to Israeli settlements. Mar. 2018. url: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20180307-danish-pension-giant-divests-from-motorola-over-ties-to-israeli-settlements/
[231] K. Klarenberg. “How western Big Tech giants enable Israel’s occupation”. In: The Cradle (July 2024). url: https://thecradle.co/articles/how-western-big-tech-giants-enable-israels-occupation
[232] Primo Water Corporation. 2023 Primo Water Corp. Annual Report. url: https://web.archive.org/web/20240417125730/https://primowatercorp.com/app/uploads/2024/03/2023-Annual-Report-1.pdf
[233] United States Securities and Exchange Commission. List of Subsidiaries of Primo Water Corporation. url: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/884713/000088471321000004/exhibit211122021.htm
[234] Reuters. “Eden Springs sells Europe, Israel business to Rhone Capital”. In: Reuters (July 2022). url: https://www.reuters.com/article/markets/commodities/eden-springs-sells-europe-israel-business-to-rhone-capital-idUSL5N0ES0B7/
[235] MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH. About Rolls-Royce Power Systems. url: https://www.mtu-solutions.com/eu/en/about-us/about-rolls-royce-power-systems.html
[236] Army Technology. Merkava 4 Israel Defence Forces Main Battle Tank. 2020. url: https://www.army-technology.com/projects/merkava4/?cf-view
[237] Business & Human Rights Resource Centre. UK: Human rights and climate concerns over Scottish banks ’helping’ controversial oil firm linked to Israeli settlements raise £500m. 2024. url: https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/uk-human-rights-and-climate-concerns-over-scottish-banks-helping-controversial-oil-firm-linked-to-israeli-settlements-raise-500m/