Introduction

Redlining Then And Now in Philly

Lets see if the patterns of the 1930s-40s. Redline maps were created by the federal government's Home Owners' Loan Corporation between 1935 and 1940. The DSL Lab at the University of Richmond has created the Mapping Inequality Redlining in New Deal America (click to left to read more). Redline districts where those that received the lowest grade of "D," colored red, were considered "hazardous."

Reference Map

MapMaker: Redlining in the United States | National Geographic SocietyRedlining is a racially discriminatory and, now, illegal practice of devaluing homes in racially mixed or neighborhoods with few or no white residents. It impacted homeownership and its impacts can still be seen today.

A 'Forgotten History' Of How The U.S. Government Segregated AmericaAuthor Richard Rothstein says the housing programs begun under the New Deal were tantamount to a "state-sponsored system of segregation," in which people of color were purposely excluded from suburbs.

Redline Maps Compared to Today's Race Maps

Redline District 18 in 1940s

Note the description in the Redline text as it relates to Black population today.

Black Density Census Tract 36 in 2020

Camden Redline District D3 in 1940s

Black Density Census Tract 6015 in 2020

This is the red triangle square with Haddon Ave doing the diagonal following the train tracks and Campbell Soup World Headquarters just to the north.

Justice Department Announces New Initiative to Combat RedliningThe Justice Department announced the launch of the department’s new Combatting Redlining Initiative today. Redlining is an illegal practice in which lenders avoid providing services to individuals living in communities of color because of the race or national origin of the people who live in those communities. The new Initiative represents the department’s most aggressive and coordinated enforcement effort to address redlining, which is prohibited by the Fair Housing Act and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act.

What Is Redlining? (Published 2021)The term has come to mean racial discrimination of any kind in housing, but it comes from government maps that outlined areas where Black residents lived and were therefore deemed risky investments.

Conclusion

Add Conclusion discussing how Mod 3 and Mod 4 show racial differences between suburbs and the city. Clean up mod 4 Atlas page and add titles to all the maps.

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