ipconfig /all

displays the network configuration of the host. Use the /all option for the complete network configuration.

GLOSSARY

1. Host Name:  DESKTOP-NR2LOJC

• The name of your computer in the network.

2. Primary DNS Suffix: (empty)

• This field would display the DNS suffix used for the domain of the computer, if it is part of a domain. Since it is empty, the computer isn't connected to a domain.

3. Node Type:

• The node type determines how the NetBIOS naming functions are performed. For example, the naming functions can be performed by broadcast, by a NetBIOS Name Server (NBNS) such as a Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server, or by both. The node type also determines the order in which the functions are performed. 

4. IP Routing Enabled: 

• This shows whether the computer can route traffic to other networks. In this case, your computer isn't set up as a router.

5. WINS Proxy Enabled: 

• WINS (Windows Internet Name Service) is used for name resolution in older networks. This field indicates that your computer is not using a WINS proxy to route WINS queries.

6. DNS Suffix Search List:

• This shows the DNS suffix that is automatically appended to names when trying to resolve them (e.g., if you try to connect to "server", it would try "server.gprc.ab.ca")

Ethernet Adapter Ethernet 1 & 2:

1. Connection-specific DNS Suffix: 

   • Similar to the DNS suffix search list, this is specific to the Ethernet connection, indicating that DNS queries will use this domain suffix.

2. Description: Realtek PCIe GbE Family Controller

   • The name of the network adapter.

3. Physical Address:

   • This is the MAC address (Media Access Control address) of the Ethernet adapter. It uniquely identifies your network interface on the local network.

4. DHCP Enabled:

   • DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is enabled, meaning the computer automatically receives its IP address from a DHCP server.

5. Autoconfiguration Enabled:

   • This indicates that the computer can automatically assign itself an IP address if no DHCP server is available.

6. Link-local IPv6 Address:

   • This is the IPv6 address assigned to the computer for local communication within the network (link-local address). It is used for communication within the same network segment without needing a router.

7. IPv4 Address:

   • The primary IPv4 address assigned to the computer. This is used for most network communication.

8. Subnet Mask:

   • The subnet mask determines the network portion and the host portion of the IP address.

9. Lease Obtained:

   • The time when the DHCP lease was acquired.

10. Lease Expires:

    • The time when the DHCP lease will expire and needs to be renewed.

11. Default Gateway:

    • The IP address of the router or device that connects this computer to other networks, including the internet.

12. DHCP Server:

    • The IP address of the DHCP server that assigned the computer's IP address.

13. DNS Servers:

    • The IP addresses of the DNS servers that resolve domain names to IP addresses for this computer.

14. NetBIOS over TCP/IP: 

    • NetBIOS allows Windows computers to communicate over a network using names rather than IP addresses. This setting indicates that NetBIOS over TCP/IP is enabled for this interface.

EXPERIMENTING WITH PING

PING <host>
The command ping <host> sends a series of packets and expects to receive a response to each packet. When a return packet is received, ping reports the round-trip time (the time between sending the packet and receiving the response). Some routers and firewalls block ping requests, so you might get no response at all. Ping can be used to check whether a computer is up and running, to measure network delay time, and to check for dropped packets indicating network congestion. Note that <host> can be either a domain name or an IP address. By default, ping will send a packet every second indefinitely; stop it with Control-C.

Below are some examples of using the ping <host> command:

EXPERIMENTING WITH NSLOOKUP

TRACERT <host>
The command traceroute <host> (tracert for Windows) will show routers encountered by packets on their way from your computer to a the specified <host>. For each n = 1, 2, 3, ..., traceroute sends a packet with "time-to-live" (ttl) equal to n. Every time a router forwards a packet, it decreases the ttl of the packet by one. If the ttl drops to zero, the router discards the packet and sends an error message back to the sender of the packet. (Again, as with ping, the packets might be blocked or might not even be sent, so that the error messages will never be received.) The sender gets the identity of the router from the source of the error message. Traceroute will send packets until n reaches some set upper bound or until a packet actually gets through to the destination. It actually does this three times for each n. In this way, it identifies routers that are one step, two steps, three steps, ... away from the source computer. A packet for which no response is received is indicated in the output as a *.

It took less time to find and report the IP address or domain name for nwpolytech.ca then google; many things can attribute to this, namely distance from servers of that particular domain. In this instance, we were closer to nwpolytech .

 SET #1

 SET #2

 SET #3

 SET #4

1. What is the hardware device used to make this connection (network card, onboard port, wireless)? List the device’s name as Windows sees it in the Device Manager window. 

A: This device is likely an onboard network adapter, as it is listed as a PCIe controller, which typically refers to an Ethernet network interface card (NIC).
    Device Name: "Realtek PCIe GbE Family Controller"

2. What is the MAC address of the wired or wireless network adapter? What command or window did you use to get your answer?

A: 74-D4-35-E6-4C-4E
     COMMAND: "ipconfig /all"

3.  For a wireless connection, is the network secured? How do you know?

A: There is no wireless connection, a LAN connection was used with an Ethernet cord. If it were a wireless connection, it would show up under "Wireless LAN adapter", and you could check for security settings in the network properties.

4. What is the IPv4 address of the network connection?

A:  172.20.121.8

5. Are your TCP/IP version 4 settings using static or dynamic IP addressing?

A: The computer is using Dynamic IP addressing, as indicated by "DHCP Enabled: Yes" 

6. What is the IPv6 address of your network connection?

A:  fe80::4dbb:96a0:5d66:221a%12 

7. Disable and enable your network connection. Now, what is your IPv4 address?

A: After disabling and enabling your network connection, the IPv4 address could either remain the same or change. (Honestly, gapped out and forgot to test this while in class.)