As one of the Four Emperors, and at the young age of 19, Luffy is one of the four most powerful pirates in the world. He captains the Straw Hat Pirates, holding the greatest authority over a mighty and diverse crew consisting of several infamous members, many of whom are extremely powerful in their own right. Luffy has a tremendous amount of influence over his crewmates, so much so that they all trust him with their lives, despite his reckless behavior and, in some cases, even because of it.
He is also one of twelve pirates who have been dubbed the "Worst Generation", a group of individuals who have become infamous for the bold and major actions they have committed against the World Government, and all have bounties of over 100,000,000. Indirectly, he also has claim over the Straw Hat Grand Fleet, a massive fleet consisting of seven powerful New World crews numbering 5640 people in total, who all swore to serve under him of their own will and come to assist him whenever he may need them. The scope of Luffy's authority was considered by the World Government to be close to on par with the Four Emperors, the four most powerful and influential pirates in the world, and the press dubbed Luffy the "Fifth Emperor" as a result.
However, Luffy officially became an Emperor after defeating one of the previous Emperors, Kaidou,and his meteoric rise in status (in over two years) caused panic around the world; he currently holds a bounty of 3,000,000,000, which is currently the lowest Emperor bounty and equals the bounties of two of his fellow Worst Generation members—Kid and Law. His bounty is only surpassed by the bounties of the former Emperors Whitebeard, Big Mom, Kaidou, fellow Emperors Shanks, Blackbeard and Buggy, former Warlord Mihawk and the late Pirate King, Gol D. Roger himself.
Luffy is a fierce and formidable combatant who can invent extremely creative fighting techniques even during intense battles and has gone through harsh and rigorous training ever since he was a child. He has been taught by two legendary figures, his grandfather Monkey D. Garp, the "Hero of the Marines", and Silvers Rayleigh, the retired first mate of the Pirate King's crew. Despite acting goofy and eccentric most of the time, Luffy has proven to be a natural born leader.
Luffy has exhibited his threat most notably by invading all three of the World Government's main strongholds in Paradise: he defeated over a thousand Marines on Enies Lobby by himsel and took down two CP9 agents—Blueno, and Rob Lucci, with the invasion ultimately resulting in the destruction of Enies Lobby via Buster Call; he infiltrated the great prison Impel Down and orchestrated the only mass breakout in its history; he invaded Marine Headquarters during the Summit War of Marineford and greatly aided the Whitebeard Pirates in their ultimately unsuccessful effort to rescue Portgas D. Ace from execution.
One of Luffy's greatest qualities is that he can become massively more powerful in an unthinkably short amount of time. To the amazement of friend and foe alike, Luffy has continuously defeated people who are renowned throughout the seas for their incredible strength and skill. Luffy has also significantly threatened the balance of the Three Great Powers by defeating three members of the Seven Warlords of the Sea—Crocodile, Gecko Moria, Donquixote Doflamingo—and allying with three others, which caused Jinbe to defect from his position and Trafalgar Law to lose his. The World Government also views Luffy to be a grave threat simply because he is the son of Monkey D. Dragon, the leader of the Revolutionary Army.
Luffy being compared to some of the greatest figures of previous pirate generations.
Despite his ever-growing list of accomplishments in battle, Luffy continues to be frequently underestimated by opponents due to his appearance, age and disposition. These traits have often proved to be an advantage for him, as it gives him leeway toward options opponents would not expect. For example, Crocodile dismissed Luffy as a greenhorn and left him for dead twice, only for Luffy to recover from his defeats and ultimately claim victory in their third match.
Doflamingo attempted to trap Luffy in the Corrida Colosseum, expecting him to fall victim to it, only for Luffy to escape and win over the gladiators there to his side. With constantly improving skill in battle combined with his almost unbreakable willpower, Luffy has found ways to defeat increasingly powerful opponents that have blocked his path, all while having been out at sea for less than a year, not including his two-year training on Rusukaina.
In the New World, he has contended with the Four Emperors' top officers, having defeated two of the Big Mom Pirates' Sweet Commanders: Charlotte Cracker and Charlotte Katakuri, seeking to aim further by taking down the Four Emperors themselves, along with the Marine Admirals. During the Raid on Onigashima, Luffy's recently heightened mastery of advanced Busoshoku and Haoshoku Haki allowed him to fight on par with Kaidou of the Four Emperors before awakening his Devil Fruit's true power upon suffering a third defeat from a finishing blow, which finally allowed him to emerge victorious against Kaidou in one-on-one combat After his arrival to Egghead, he faced Rob Lucci, who had become an elite fighter of CP0 and awakened his Devil Fruit, using his Gear 5 which overwhelmed him. Soon after, he went on to confront the Seraphim S-Hawk and S-Bear alongside Lucci, Kaku and Zoro. Later on, in spite of being relatively weakened from his previous fights, during the Egghead Incident, Luffy was able to fight on par with Admiral Kizaru and leave the Marine Admiral immobile after landing a powerful blow to his head. Later on, after regaining most of his strength, he's able to overpower both Admiral Kizaru and one of the Five Elders, Jaygarcia Saturn at the same time, ultimately forcing the latter's hand to summon his fellow Elders as well.
When he was 7 years old, Luffy unwittingly ate the Gomu Gomu no Mi, a Paramecia-type Devil Fruit, after finding it in a chest owned by the Red Hair Pirates. It gives his body the properties of rubber, allowing him to stretch, bounce, bend, twist, and inflate any part of his body.
During the Wano Country Arc, it was revealed that it is actually a Mythical Zoan-type Devil Fruit, the Hito Hito no Mi, Model: Nika, which allows the user to become an incarnation of Nika, an ever-playful Sun God known for liberating slaves and bringing smiles to people's faces. This grants Luffy's body a rubber physiology and allows him to fight however he pleases, just as long as he can imagine it. According to the Five Elder St. Shepherd Ju Peter, because of the smiles Nika can put on the faces of others, he is known as the "Warrior of Liberation", and that "there is no power more ridiculous in all the world".
He is able to stretch any part of his body; he can stretch his arms to extend the reach of his punches, stretch his legs to extend the reach of his kicks, and stretch his neck to extend the reach of his headbutt. His stretching also allows him to reach faraway places, as he can stretch and grab onto something at that location and pull himself there He can further enhance his attack power by twisting his body parts around each other and spinning them.
Defensively, Luffy, being made of rubber, is completely immune to lightning. He also cannot be harmed by blunt attacks not imbued with Busoshoku Haki, including punches, blunt weapons, and even being stepped on by gigantic opponents. If struck by blunt projectiles, such as bullets or cannonballs, he can bounce them back toward the place it came from, potentially threatening the one who launched it. He can also easily survive falling from great heights.
He can suck in a large amount of air to inflate his torso like a balloon. His inflated belly greatly enhances his rubbery defense and his ability to bounce things back. It also keeps him from sinking if he falls into the water.
Over the course of his voyage in the Grand Line, he developed techniques he calls Gears to utilize his Devil Fruit to combat stronger opponents, such as speeding up his own blood flow to increase his speed or enlarging his bones and muscles for more powerful strikes. During his training on Rusukaina, he learned how to combine his Haki with his rubber abilities, making his already destructive attacks inconceivably faster and stronger.
In Wano Country, his fruit awakened after his apparent "death" and third loss against Kaidou, granting him immeasurably awesome powers that the World Government itself greatly fears. Among these astonishing abilities are strengthening his rubbery body and granting him even more freedom. In addition to this, Luffy is afforded the enhancements common among Zoan Devil Fruits, including greater strength, speed, and a faster recovery rate. He also displayed the ability to bestow the properties of rubber into the environment around him.
In Road To Laugh Tale Vol. 3, it is revealed that Luffy's true power is not his rubbery physiology, and instead something much different. In truth his power allows him to bring forth whatever he can imagine into reality, however, this is only possible if the Devil Fruit awakens and is limited to Luffy's own imagination.
Gear 2
First seen on Enies Lobby. Luffy increases the speed of his blood flow, and thanks to the rubber nature of his blood vessels and organs, his body can withstand the pressure. This allows more oxygen and nutrients to be pumped throughout through his body. Gear 2 greatly increases Luffy's physical capabilities, allowing him to easily surpass the movement speed of Soru users and smash through the defensive power of Tekkai.
Initially, Luffy activated this by pumping blood through his legs to activate the effect across his entire body, but after the timeskip, he has shown to have more control over it and can activate it in any select part of his in his body.Before his two-year training, the usage of Gear 2 depleted his energy quickly and even threatened his lifespan, but in the present day, its effects appear to have been reduced.
Gear 3
First seen on Enies Lobby. By blowing a massive amount of air into his thumb, Luffy can inflate the bones of a particular part of his body, making it gigantic. These inflated body parts are capable of inflicting damage on a massive scale, being able to destroy steel doors and large buildings with ease, and Gear 3's power became magnified when Luffy learned to use Busoshoku Haki during the timeskip, and Haoshoku Haki infusion during the Wano Country Arc.
Initially, Gear 3 would cause Luffy to shrink to the size of a child after its use, temporarily limiting his fighting capabilities until his body returned to normal. However, this no longer happens after Luffy's two years of training.
Boundman
Tankman
Snakeman
Gear 4 was created during Luffy's two-year training on Rusukaina and was first seen on Dressrosa. By blowing into his arm, Luffy inflates the muscles in his entire body and covers it with Busoshoku Haki, taking one of three forms. The first form, Boundman, makes his composition akin to a rubber ball, causing him to bounce all the time. Luffy is capable of retracting his arms and legs inside of his body, unleashing blows of devastating power, as well as being able to change the direction of his attacks. His defense also increases, with most attacks bouncing off his body.
The second form, Tankman, makes Luffy much bigger and increases his defensive abilities; although sacrificing speed, it allows him to use his body as a weapon via the recoil from attacks blasting opponents away. The third form, Snakeman, is slimmer and focuses on speed, lacking the defensive capabilities of the other two forms. Luffy is granted a tremendous increase in attack speed, and frequently changes the direction of his attacks to assault his opponents from every direction.
However, in addition to being weakened, he will be unable to use Haki for ten minutes until it recharges. Using Gear 4 multiple times in a short amount of time will take a toll on his body.
Gear 5 was created during the climax of the Raid on Onigashima, as a result of Luffy awakening his Devil Fruit for the first time since the Void Century
After awakening, Luffy gains increased strength and even greater freedom while demonstrating many new abilities, such as being able to freely manipulate the shape and size of his body; instead of focusing more on hardening himself using Busoshoku Haki, he takes on a more cartoonish fighting style, as well as being able to grant the environment around him the same properties as rubber, which allowed him to deflect a Bolo Breath by bouncing it back at Kaidou, as well as being able to stretch objects he touches like rubber, including living things and even lightning. As pointed out by Kaidou, Luffy's power now has the characteristics of both Paramecia and Zoan.
Luffy is an immensely skilled user of Haoshoku Haki, a very rare form of Haki whose users are said to have the qualities of a "king". It remained latent within him, until he used it unintentionally multiple times: first, stopping Motobaro, the Rosy Life Riders' bison;at Amazon Lily's arena to stop Sandersonia from killing a petrified Marguerite, as well as knocking out multiple Kuja warriors; on Level 5 of Impel Down, knocking out attacking wolves; and at Marineford, knocking out Galdino and an executioner, along with several elite Marines and New World pirates.
Over the two-year timeskip, Rayleigh taught him about Haoshoku Haki, thus gaining conscious control over it, becoming his expertise concerning Haki. After training with Rayleigh, it became his main expertise, he became capable of using it on his designated targets without affecting anyone else, as seen when he knocked out some of the members of the Fake Straw Hat Crew, without affecting any of the innocent civilians standing nearby. Additionally, on Fish-Man Island, he displayed the ability to knock out 50,000 members of the New Fish-Man Pirates in an instant.[135][136] His exceptional expertise is further proven in Wano Country, even after Kaidou knocked him out, Luffy was still able to use Haoshoku Haki while unconscious, knocking out the small number of Beasts Pirates' members who tried taking him into custody.
During the Raid on Onigashima, while fighting Kaidou, Luffy came to realize that he could "infuse" himself with Haoshoku Haki, doing so on his arms, legs and his body. which dramatically increases his attack power; thus, becoming one of the small "handful" of Haoshoku Haki users known to achieve this advanced application. Using this, combined with his higher grade advanced Busoshoku Haki, he could deal immensely powerful blows against Kaidou, whereas his previous attacks were "too shallow". Much like other users, a sign of this advanced application is the black lightning emanating from his arms, legs and body when infused with this Haki. However, having only discovered it a few moments prior, his control over this application was stated to be "crude" and "clumsy" by Kaidou, leading to him being swiftly knocked down by the Emperor, after managing to briefly clash on equal ground with him.
Not long after, when Luffy and Kaidou clashed for a third time, their imbued Haoshoku Haki attacks resulted in the "heavens being split" in half, causing the clouds to part, something that had previously only ever occurred whenever two of the Four Emperors clashed against each other, or when Roger himself fought against one of them. As such, this might indicate that Luffy's Haki has ascended to the same level as that of the strongest pirates in the world.
Luffy is an extremely skilled user of Kenbunshoku Haki, which he learned during the two-year timeskip. With it, he is capable of sensing the presence, emotion, and intent of others, greatly aiding his ability to dodge attacks, such as bullets.During his two-year training period, Rayleigh noted that Luffy is particularly attuned towards sensing the emotions of living things.
He is highly proficient at using this Haki; he can even predict attacks from beings with little to no emotion, as shown when he dodged the laser of a Pacifista. He also casually dodged Hody Jones' Yabusame, a barrage of thrown water droplets, as well as volleys of thrown weapons from Jean Ango, a master marksman.
Luffy uses Kenbunshoku Haki to see the future and defend against Katakuri's strikes.
While in Totto Land, he significantly strengthened this Haki by battling Charlotte Katakuri, who had mastered the advanced form of this type of Haki which allows him to see a little bit into the future. After many hours of applying his Kenbunshoku Haki and pushing it to the limit, Luffy finally unlocked the advanced application himself and was able to visualize Katakuri's next moves extremely well, as well as develop his Haki enough to dodge many of Katakuri's attacks and prevent Katakuri from dodging his.
After leaving Totto Land, Luffy has been able to dodge attacks with even greater ease, as shown when he instantly took out a scout of the Beasts Pirates in Wano Country as soon as he began to try to attack him, and afterward dodged multiple strikes from the sumo master Urashima without displaying any effort
By the time of his imprisonment in the Prisoner Mine in Udon, Luffy further developed his ability to see the future and can now see the short-term future as fluidly as Katakuri can, as shown when he instructed Hyogoro on how to dodge multiple attacks from Alpacaman and Madilloman several seconds before they happened. He later stopped the warden Babanuki's Excite Shot before he could actually launch the attack, stating that he did it because he "saw a terrible future"
Luffy is an extremely skilled user of Busoshoku Haki, having learned it from Silvers Rayleigh during the two-year timeskip. Since then, he uses it in combat in the New World to increase his offense and defense, in addition to being able to touch and damage Logia users, such as Caesar Clown, and those with features similar to them, like Charlotte Katakuri, a Special Paramecia user.
Busoshoku Haki has been an exceptional benefit to Luffy in the New World, as he is capable of fighting against and damaging much stronger opponents that he could not before. It is most noted as he uses Gear 4, which relies on using Busoshoku Haki, the compressed Haki forms a coating that resembles flames. Though it overuses it, his offense and defenses has enhanced, to the point of being able to damage and defend himself against powerful opponents, such as Doflamingo, Cracker, and Katakuri, whom he could not defeat without using Gear 4. However, once overused, Luffy was unable to fight against those same opponents while his Haki was recharging, as noted on Nuts Island, where he could not punch through Perospero's Candy Wall, even with Gear 3.
Luffy both emitting Busoshoku Haki and using the advanced application Internal Destruction.
While trapped in Udon, Luffy started training to advance his Busoshoku Haki to bypass Kaidou's dragon scales, after recalling Rayleigh deflecting and harming an enormous elephant on Rusukaina without touching it. Amid Hyogoro's instruction into this advanced application, he inadvertently advanced to a much higher-grade application known as Internal destruction, where he channeled the Haki into his target, letting Luffy destroy them from the inside-out. He first achieved this ability in a desperate attempt to save himself and Hyogoro from Queen's Death Collars.
After relentless nonstop training under Hyogoro's supervision for a week, while striking thick steel blocks using his hardened arms, he could emit Busoshoku Haki at will, blasting a hole through a tree's opposite side. He later removed Yamato's explosive cuffs by destroying them from the inside out, showing conscious control over internal destruction. During the Battle on Onigashima, he advanced his Busoshoku Haki to the point where he could hurt Kaidou using his hardened Gear 3, whereas he previously could not, even while using Gear 4.
Additionally, his stronger Busoshoku made it so he was able to endure a hit from Kaidou's kanabo while he was in his standard form and Kaidou was in his Human-Beast Form, whereas he was previously defeated by a single strike from the kanabo while he was in his Gear 4 form and Kaidou was in his human form, though Luffy's arms were hurt after blocking the blow.
Although he successfully dealt damage to Kaidou using advanced Busoshoku Haki, Luffy noted that it was only superficial, describing it as "too shallow"; he later learned to supplement it with advanced Haoshoku Haki infusion to make his attacks tremendously more powerful. During his final attack, Luffy's combination of advanced Busoshoku and Haoshoku Haki through the emission technique allowed him to emerge victorious over Kaidou.
In the anime, when Luffy uses advanced Busoshoku Haki, it is shown as an orange-colored flowing aura.