Study Visit at the University of Milan by Deep Bhattacharya: Advancing One Health Research on Artificial Intestines 

From May 31 to August 9, 2025, Deep Bhattacharya, PhD Student and Junior Reserach Fellow from the Estonian University of Life Sciences participated in a study visit at the University of Milan, focusing on advanced research on artificial intestines within a One Health framework. This exchange provided hands-on experience with 3D cell culture models and experimental approaches, bridging human, animal, and environmental health.

Learning Outcomes

During the visit, Deep gained practical skills in 3D cell culture techniques, including the use of bioscaffolds, transwell-based co-culture systems, and transepithelial resistance (TEER) measurements. Exposure to experimental workflows for host–microbe and host–extracellular vesicle (EV) interactions offered a deeper understanding of how laboratory models can mimic physiological conditions.

Key lessons included:

• The importance of physiologically relevant in vitro models for translational research.

• The value of interdisciplinary collaboration in tackling complex health challenges.

• Integrating molecular, cellular, and ecological data for a holistic approach to disease prevention and management.
  
  

These skills and insights will directly support Deep’s ongoing PhD research on EVs and gut health, as well as future multidisciplinary projects.

Key Highlights:

Deep worked in the laboratory of Professor Tiziana Brevini, alongside Sharon Arcuri, exploring advanced 3D culture systems such as Alvetex scaffolds and epithelial models derived from porcine cells. The team investigated how extracellular vesicles interact with complex cellular environments—a compelling combination of cell biology, tissue modelling, and translational potential.

In Deep’s own words:

I am sincerely grateful for the past month spent in Milan, working in Professor Brevini’s lab. This month has been one of learning, discovery, and quiet transformation, both within the lab and beyond it. I thank my PhD supervisor, Professor Alireza Fazeli, and every member of the Brevini lab for their warm mentorship and support.

Knowledge Transfer to Estonian University of Life Sciences

Insights and technical expertise gained during the visit will strengthen research approaches at the Estonian University of Life Sciences. The hands-on experience with 3D culture systems, TEER measurements, and co-culture models provides valuable methodologies that can be applied to ongoing and future One Health projects.

Observing interdisciplinary workflows in Milan—connecting veterinary, biomedical, and environmental sciences—offers a practical model for collaboration that can be adapted in Estonia. This experience also highlights the value of integrating molecular, cellular, and ecological data, fostering a holistic perspective in research and teaching.

Additionally, the connections and networks established during the visit create opportunities for joint projects, student exchanges, and co-supervised PhD work. Overall, the knowledge transfer ensures that lessons learned in Milan will directly benefit both current research and the development of future interdisciplinary initiatives at the Estonian University of Life Sciences.

A sincere thank you to Professor Tiziana Brevini, the Brevini Lab Team, PhD supervisor Professor Alireza Fazeli, and the OH-Boost Project Assistants for their guidance, mentorship, and warm welcome. This study visit was a unique opportunity to expand technical skills, deepen understanding of One Health, and foster international collaboration.

The visit was co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme.