「誰擁有我們的知識？」是今年國際開放取用週的主題。2025年的主題直指當代核心議題：在顛覆性變革的時代，社群如何重新掌握自身產出知識的主導權。此主題不僅促使我們反思教育與研究的可取用性，更要求我們審視知識的創造與共享模式、知識的源頭，以及哪些聲音獲得認可與重視。

本主題延續過去兩年聚焦「開放社群，超越商業」的對話、活動與行動。在此期間，我們已朝此目標取得顯著進展。諸如鑽石開放取用（Diamond OA）與訂閱開放（S2O）等符合社群利益的模式已大幅擴展。越來越多編輯委員會透過退出商業出版機構，重新取回對自身期刊的主導權。更多機構正逐步審視專有資料庫產品與教師評鑑指標，全球各地更有機構改革審查、晉升與終身職政策，以更直接獎勵知識共享。我們日益觀察到研究者逐漸認知到：「資料與研究產出未必完全歸屬個人所有，而是與研究參與者共享甚至受其共同掌控」。

儘管進展顯著，新興風險卻可能使商業化凌駕於社群利益之上。學術知識往往未經適當諮詢或作者同意，便遭倉促擷取用於訓練人工智慧模型，以及將AI整合至學術流程的浪潮，正威脅著我們的知識體系根基。在實體圖書館環境中難以想像的監控行為，如今透過某些出版商平台已成常態。然而，聯合國教科文組織《開放科學建議書》與《托盧卡開普敦宣言》所倡導的「社群擁有、社群主導、非商業化」知識共享模式，正為我們開闢一條避開這些風險的道路，引領我們邁向個人與社群能自主擁有並從自身知識中獲益的未來。

-- 文字譯自OA週官網主題說明 https://www.openaccessweek.org/theme/english

“Who Owns Our Knowledge?” is the theme for this year’s International Open Access Week (October 20-26). The 2025 theme asks a pointed question about the present moment and how, in a time of disruption, communities can reassert control over the knowledge they produce. It also challenges us to reflect on not only who has access to education and research but on how knowledge is created and shared, where it has come from, and whose voices are recognized and valued.

This theme builds on the conversations, events, and actions over the past two years that have focused on putting “Community over Commercialization.” During this time, we’ve made significant progress toward this end. Community-aligned approaches, such as Diamond OA and Subscribe to Open (S2O), have expanded substantially. A growing number of editorial boards have reclaimed ownership of their own journals by resigning from commercially published outlets. More institutions are abandoning proprietary database products and metrics for faculty evaluation, and across the world, some are reforming review, promotion, and tenure policies to more directly reward sharing. Increasingly we see researchers developing an understanding that data and outputs do not always belong to them but are shared with or even controlled by participants in their research.

Despite this progress, emerging risks threaten to prioritize commercialization over community interests. The rush to scrape academic knowledge to train artificial intelligence models and to integrate AI into academic processes—often without proper consultation or author consent—threatens to undermine our knowledge systems. Surveillance that would be unthinkable in a physical library setting now happens routinely through some publisher platforms. Nevertheless, the community-owned, community-led, and non-commercial approaches to knowledge sharing called for by the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science and Toluca-Cape Town Declaration offer pathways away from these risks toward a future where individuals and communities own and benefit from their own knowledge.  

-- Words from OA Week Theme at https://www.openaccessweek.org/theme/english

聯合國教科文組織(UNESCO)於2021年通過《UNESCO對開放科學的建議》，該份文件強調使共享社群超越商業的需求，呼籲「阻止自公眾資助科學活動不公平獲利」(the prevention of “inequitable extraction of profit from publicly funded scientific activities”)及「支持非商業化、沒有文章處理費用的合作發表模式」(support for “non-commercial publishing models and collaborative publishing models with no article processing charges")。當商業利益凌駕於研究試圖服務的社群時，許多議題隨之而生。

2024年的OA週以「開放社群，超越商業」為主題，讓我們一同探索以下議題：

• 當研究者不再掌握知識生產，知識掌握在越來越少數的機構手中時，我們會失去甚麼？

• 壟斷利益的商業模式將會帶來甚麼代價？

• 個人資料的蒐集與利用何時開始逐漸損害學術自由？

• 商業化是否也有支持公眾利益的運作方式？

• 有哪些由社群控制的基礎設施，如預刊本伺服器、典藏庫、開放出版平台等，能更好地維護研究社群與公眾的利益？

• 我們能如何轉移至有社群意識的方案？

Adopted by its 193 Member States, the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science highlights the need to prioritize community over commercialization in its calls for the prevention of “inequitable extraction of profit from publicly funded scientific activities” and support for “non-commercial publishing models and collaborative publishing models with no article processing charges.” By focusing on these areas, we can achieve the original vision outlined when open access was first defined: “an old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good.”

When commercial interests are prioritized over those of the communities that research seeks to serve, many concerning issues arise. Open Access Week provides an opportunity for individuals to discuss questions that are most relevant in their local context. These might include: 

• What is lost when a shrinking number of corporations control knowledge production rather than researchers themselves? 

• What is the cost of business models that entrench extreme levels of profit? 

• When does the collection and use of personal data begin to undermine academic freedom? 

• Can commercialization ever work in support of the public interest? 

• What options for using community-controlled infrastructure already exist that might better serve the interests of the research community and the public (such as preprint servers, repositories, and open publishing platforms)? 

• How can we shift the default toward using these community-minded options?