Embedded Files
LOCATION: North-Central India
GOTRA: Atri, Kashyap, Vaiyashuk
VED: Yajurved
MUL KHEDA: Hastinapur
SHANKH: Dakshinavati
CAPITAL: Delhi, Gwalior
KULDEVI: Yogeshwari Maata
DYNASTY: Tanwar, Tomar, Tuar, Tomara
VANSH: Chandravansha - Puruvansha
FOUNDED: 736-1151
RELIGION: Hindu
KUL DEVTA: Shivji
ISHT DEV: Shri Krishna
PRESENT HEAD:
Rao Sahib Digvijay Singhji, Rao Sahib of Patan and Head of the Tomar clan in India, since 11th September 1991.
born 27th March 1963 in Jaipur, Master of Arts, married 21st January 1991 in Jodhpur, Rani Kailash Kumari, daughter of Thakur Sunder Singhji of Sodawas, and his wife, Thakurani Chanda Kanwar, and has issue.
BRANCHES / SUBCLANS:
Branches – Sub Branches – Badwar, Beagas, Beruari Beruari/Beruar/Birwar or Birwar, Borahan, Janjua, Jarral, Janghara, Jatu, Jaraita, Jinwar, Kanhapuria, Katiyar, Katouch, Pathania, Raghu, Satraura, Indoria Kshatriya and Tirota Kshatriya.
Other Sub Branches – Indoria Kshatriya has branches – Raikwar, Jaiswar/Jaswar.
STATES / ESTATES:
Delhi, Dholpur, Gwalior, Indraprastha, Tuargarh, Uttar Kuru, Beja, Nurpur, Boraj Tanwaran, Chhinchhas, Dalniya, Daudsar, Gopalpura, Kayasthapad, Kelawa Kalan, Khatipura, Kherli, Khetasar, Koti, Lakhasar, Mandholi, Ramdevra, Reh, Ret and Sathpur, Sawantsar, Shrinal, Torawati-Patan, Unchaira etc.
SHORT HISTORY:
The derivation of the dynastic name is from tomara, an 'iron club'. They belong to the Chandravanshi race and are reckoned as one of the 36 Royal Rajput Clans.
According to legend and the puranas, the Tomara rajputs claim descent from the mythical Chandravanshi dynasty, and are the descendants of the Pandava Prince Arjuna, through his great grandson, Emperor Janamejaya, son of Emperor Parikshit. It is believed by some scholars that the Tomara rajputs were one of the ruling clan of the Gurjaras (or Gujjars) in the Gujara-Pratihara era of North India, in the 4th to the 8th centurys. Delhi was originally founded in ancient times as Inderprastha and in 736 it was rebuilt by Raja Anangpal I of the Tomar Gurjara-Rajputs, renamed Dhiliki and in due course, it became an important Kingdom in north-central India covering present-day Delhi, Haryana, and Eastern Punjab. It was significant as a large imperial state acting as a buffer between Mongol and Timurid aggression toward the rest of India. It eventually capitulated to the Chauhan rulers of Sambhar and Ajmer. The younger brothers of Raja Anangpal II (III?) (also known as Dakatpal), moved out and established their kingdoms/thikana's in Gwalior, Jaisalmer and Patan. The area of Morena, Bhind and Gwalior in northern Madhya Pradesh is referred to as "Tomarghar" meaning "Home of Tomars" due to its large population of Tomar Rajputs. They ruled in Delhi from around 736 to 1151 and also in Gwalior from 1375 to 1486. [Note: Delhi and the Iron Pillar - Mr. V.A. Smith however states that Delhi was founded in 993-994, and Anangpala, a Tomara king, built the Red Fort about 1050. In 1052 he removed the celebrated iron pillar on which the eulogy of Chandragupta Vikramaditya is incised, from its original position, probably at Mathura, and set it up in Delhi as an adjunct to a group of temples from which the Muhamaddans afterwards constructed the great mosque. (Smith, Early History of India p.386).] Rulers were...
Raja Pratap Pal, married and had issue.
Rao Kandh, married and had issue.
Raja Anangpal I (qv)
Rao Jatpal, married and had issue, the Jatu Tomar clan.
Rao Sompal
Rao Veerpal
Rao Tanvarpal
Rao Rekpal
Rao Mahipal
Rao Sankalpal
Rao Ugrapal
Rao Vishaypal
Rao Karvpal
Rao Pahushpal
Rao Lodhpal
Rao Harpal
Rao Samudrapal
Rao Jungbhavpal, he undertook Ashwamegh Yagnya from Lahore (his capital) and in 655 returned to Hastinapur; married and had issue.
generations
Raja Brahmpal, sixth in descent, married and had issue.
Raja Patanpal, he founded Patan to the south of Delhi in 885, married and had issue.
generations
Raja Sangpal, 8th in descent, married and had issue.
Raja Rajpal
Raja Veerpal, he was adopted by Raja Nihaalji of Gadh Nard; married and had issue, the Tanwar Battisi.
generations
>> Raja Prithviraj, 11th in descent, married 14 queens, and had issue, 32 sons.
>> >> generations
>> >> >> Rao Lakhji [Lakshmanji], 7th in descent. (fl.1400)
Rajas of Delhi
1. Kshemaka 11. Ajitpal 21. Sahaypal 31. Chatrapal 41. Maheshpal
2. Anakshami 12. Sarpadan 22. Devpal 32. Kalyansen 42. Brajaagsen
3. Pursen 13. Virsen 23. Govindpal 33. Keshavsen. 43. Abhaypal II
4. Bisrava 14. Mahesdatta 24. Harival 34. Somchandra 44. Manohardas
5. Premsen 15. Mahanibha 25. Govindpal II 35. Raghupal 45. Sukhraj
6. Sajraj 16. Samudrasen 26. Harsinghpal 36. Narayan 46. Tungpal
7. Abhaypal 17. Shatrusal 27. Amritpal 37. Bhanupad 47. Anangpal I, 1st Raja of Delhi
8. Veersal 18. Dharmdhwaj 28. Prempal 38. Padampad
9. Amarchud 19. Tejpal 29. Harishchandra 39. Damodarsen
10. Harijovi 20. Balipal 30. Mahendrapal 40. Chatarsal
The modern city of Delhi is thought to be the site of Indraprastha, which had remained one of the major cities of the Kuru-Panchala Empire for many centuries. Delhi was established in 736 by the Tomar Raja, Anangpal Tomar I, whose dynasty, by virtue of descent from the Pandavas, claimed to be Lords Paramount of India, until Raja Anangpal Tomar III was supplanted by his maternal grandson, Maharajadhiraja Prithviraj III. Rulers were....
Raja Anangpal I [aka Bilan Dev], 1st Raja of Delhi 731/736 or 736/754, he re-established the famous line of Pandavas (through Raja Samrat Parikshit and Vikramaditya) at Indraprastha (later called Delhi) and made it his capital, married and had issue.
Raja Visal [aka Vasudeva], 2nd Raja of Delhi [xx.3.754] - [18.4.773]
Raja Gangeya [aka Gangdev or Gunadja], 3rd Raja of Delhi [18.4.773] - [16.8.794]
Raja Prithvimala [aka Prithvipala], 4th Raja of Delhi [16.8.794] - [5.3.814]
Raja Jagdev [aka Djayadeva], 5th Raja of Delhi [5.3.814] - [3.11.834], he fought alongside Rana Khoman of Mewar against a Muslim invasion.
Raja Narapala [aka Narpal], 6th Raja of Delhi [3.11.834] - [12.3.849]
Raja Udaysangh [aka Udayraj or Adara?], 7th Raja of Delhi [12.3.849] - [23.10.875]
Raja Jaidas [aka Vidjaya], 8th Raja of Delhi [23.10.875] - [897] or [879]
Rao Karnpal, he established Bahadurgarh near Alwar, married and had issue.
Raja Vachhaldeva [Vrikshpal/Bikha] (qv)
Rao Bacchdev, he founded Bagor near Narnol and Bachera and Baghera near Thoda Ajmer.
Rao Nagdeo, he founded Nagor and Nagda near Ajmer.
Rao Krishnray, he founded Kishangarh near Ajmer and Khasganj between Etah and Soron.
Rao Nihal Rai, he founded Narayanpur near Alwar.
Rao Somasi, he founded Ajabpur between present day Alwar and Jaipur.
Rao Harpal, he founded Harsola and Harsoli near Alwar.
Raja Vachhaldeva, 9th Raja of Delhi [1.1.897] - [17.4.919] or [879] - [17.4.901]
Raja Pavak [aka Rikhapala], 10th Raja of Delhi [22.4.919] - [27.10.940] or [17.4.901] - [22.10.922]
Raja Vihangpal [aka Sukhapala], 11th Raja of Delhi [27.10.940] - [1.3.965 or 961] or [22.10.922] - [26.2.945]
Raja Tolpal [aka Torman], 12th Raja of Delhi [1.3.961] - [16.6.979] or [26.2.945] - [10.6.963], married and had issue, descendants who took dynastic name of Tomar/Tuar/Tanwar.
Raja Gopal, 13th Raja of Delhi 965/983 or 961/979, he built temples in Vrindavan.
Raja Sulakhan [aka Sallakshana], 14th Raja of Delhi 983/1009 or [16.6.979] - [26.4.1005]
Raja Jaspal [aka Jaipal or Djayapala], 15th Raja of Delhi 1009/1025 or [26.4.1005] - [29.8.1021], married and had issue.
Rajkumari (name unknown), married Raja Salivahanji I of Jaisalmer.
Raja Kanvarpal [aka Kumarapala], 16th Raja of Delhi 1025/1046 or 1025/1054 or [29.8.1021] - [17.6.1051], during his reign Hansi was briefly captured by Sultan Masud in 1038, he ruled from Bari in Awadh, which was three days south of Kannauj, married and had issue, 24 sons.
Maharaja Anangpal II (qv)
Raja Bhu Pal, he lived in Paithan, modern day Pathankot.
Rana Jethpal [aka Jaipal or Jitpal] (or brother of Raja Sulakhana and Raja Jaspala), he came to Jallandhar Doab to conquer the territory for himself, after crossing the Beas river he captured a fort called Bhet, and for this reason, he acquired the name Rana Bhet, afterwards he came upon the city of Pathankot (possibly ancient Pratisthana), and following the customed tradition of Rajputs, in which the King almost in all instances took his name from the name of the country where he exercised his dominion, he came to be known as a Pathania Rajput, instead of a Tomara; married and had issue. He possibly lived around 1095.
Raja Ghatar Pal, Raja of Paithan, married and had issue.
Raja Sukin Pal, married and had issue.
Raja Jagrat Pal, married and had issue.
Raja Ram Pal, married and had issue.
Raja GoPal Pal, married and had issue.
Raja Arjun Pal, married and had issue.
Raja Varsha Pal, married and had issue.
Raja Jatan Pal, married and had issue.
Raja Vidurath Pal, married and had issue.
Raja Jokan Pal, married a Tirharan Rani, and had issue.
Raja Kirat Pal [aka Rana Kirat], married and had issue.
Raja Kahko Pal, married and had issue.
Raja Jas Pal, Raja of Nurpur 1313/1353 (see Nurpur)
Maharaja Anangpal II, 17th Maharaja of Delhi 1046/1076 or [17.6.1051] - [5.1.1081], he rebuilt Delhi in 1052 (inscription on the Iron pillar at Mihirwali now Mahrauli), he was recognized as the Lord Paramount [as per James Todd], he built a fort called Lal Kot (literally Red Fort), in which the Qutb Minar stands today, and founded a town there; he also built the Yogmaya Temple nearby; married and had issue. He died 5th January 1081.
Raja Tejpal [aka Vidjasala or Ausan Singh](qv)
Rao Bhumpal, around 1081, he settled in the Narwar area near Gwalior, married and had issue.
Rao Mahendrapal, married and had issue. fl.1105
Rao Hirapal, married and had issue. fl.1130,
Rao Bagh Pal, married and had issue. fl. 1151
Rao Pritam Pal, married and had issue. fl. 1175
Rao Dilip Pal, married and had issue. fl. 1200
Rao Bir Pal, married and had issue.
Rao Anup Pal, married and had issue.
>> Rao Son Pal, married and had issue.
>> >> Rao Sultan Pal, married and had issue.
>> >> >> Rao Kunwar Pal, married and had issue.
>> >> >> >> Rao Brahmdev fl.1350, in some sources, Brahm Pal, is shown as a descendant of Raja Anangpal III, the last Tomar king of Delhi
>> >> >> >> >> Raja Virsingh Dev, he was granted Gwalior Fort by the Lodhi Sultan of Delhi for his bravery in battle in 1375. (continued below)
>> >> >> >> >> Raja Uddharan Dev, Raja of Gwalior, he succeeded his brother and ruled briefly.
Rao Indrapal, he founded Indra Garh
Rao Rangraj, he founded two palaces by the name of Taragarh, one was near Ajmer.
Rao Achal Raj, he founded Achner between Bharatpur and Agra.
Rao Draupad, lived in Hansi.
Rao Sisupal, he founded Sirsa, Siswal (also called Sirsa Patan)
Rao Surajpal, he built the Suraj Kund in Mehrauli, Delhi.
Rao Beejpal, he settled in Buhana, married and had issue, descendants who ruled the Tanwar ka Illaqa.
Raja Tejpal, 18th Raja of Delhi 1076/1100 or [5.1.1081] - [11.2.1105], he founded Tejara between Gurgaon and Alwar; he also built the Tejamahal, which was the Shiv Temple at Agra; married and had issue.
Raja Mahipal [aka Mahisala or Junpal or Kosal Dev Singh] (qv)
Raja Mahipal, 19th Raja of Delhi 1100/1115 or [11.2.1105] - [4.5.1130], he captured Hansi and Sthaneshwar (modern day Thanesar) from Masud, a grandson of Mohammed Ghazni; he also founded Kosli village.
Raja Akshapala, Raja of Delhi 1130/1150
Raja Madanapala, Raja of Delhi 1150/1152
Raja Prithviraj I [Amaraja], Raja of Delhi 1137/-, [?son of Raja Ajaypal, founder of Ajmer], married and had issue. He died after 1150.
Samrat Raja Anangpal Tomar III he built the Old Delhi Fort (Purana Qila), and the Anangpal Dam
Rao Goga
Rao Bagh, he settled at Bagore near Khetri, and built the fort of Bagore, which is still standing.
Rana Jethpal 1183/1208, he came to Jallandhar Daob to carve out a state for himself, since he defeated Kuzbak Khan, the Afghan Governor of Pathankot and became master of the Fort and the town, he came to be known as a Pathania Rajput instead of a Tanwar Rajput, he founded the Kingdom of Nurpur in 1183.
Raja Anangpal III [aka Dakatpal or Arkpal], 20th Raja of Delhi 1115/1151, he was responsible for the construction of Lal Kot, a fortified wall around the city, likely in reaction to the raids of Mahmud of Ghazni; the Kingdom of Delhi was taken by Raja Arnoraj [aka Visaldev Chauhan], Raja of Ajmer, in a marriage alliance in 1151, married and had issue.
Rao Salivaahanji [Salunji], he fought many battles against the Sultans of Delhi, married and had issue, the Rajas of Torawati - Patan.
Rao Nihaalji, he moved his capital from Achalgarh to Narhar near Chirawa in Rajasthan, while his brothers went and settled in Gwalior which was safer in those days; he fought with Nagar Pathan's; married and had issue.
Rao Dothji (Dohthaji), he settled at Tonda ki Rad; in 1186 V.S. his fourth queen founded a dam; married and had issue.
Rao Popatrajji, he founded Papurana village, presently in Jhunjhunu Rajasthan, married and had issue.
Rao Peepalrajji, he fought against Bhinvraj Sankhla of Bihar (now a village in Rajastan) and killed him, as well as Mod Sankhla and possessed Beva Patan; in V.S. 1275 (ca1219) he founded Patan Fort; married and had issue.
(Rao Ranaji), married and had issue. [omitted in some sources]
Rao Kamalji [aka Kavarsi or Kashipalji], married and had issue, the Baisi Tanwar's, comprising the villages of Dhadha, Sudarpura, Dantil, Kujota, Mahrampur, Jingor, Bhaloji (Tanwars of Bhaloji converted to Islam), Pathredi, Bhainslana, Panwala Rajputan, Beri, Baneti, Keshvana, Chechika, Kharab, Tihar, Banar, Panchani, Kheda Narheda, Sarund, Chandvabh, Bhojawas, Keerpura, Fatehpura, Jagdishpura (Tanwars of Fatehpura and Jagdishpura became Ahirs), Panwana etc.
Rao Alsiji [aka Aasalji or Kansipalji], married and had issue.
>> Rao Mahipalji [aka Rana Mahipalji], married and had issue.
Rao Bhopalji, he founded the Sarun Mata Temple in 1276, which was the temple of the Kuldevi of Tanwar Rajputs; married and had issue.
>> Rao Bacchhrajji (see Patan)
Rao Palanji, he founded Panera, and later went to Barbar Buhana, his descendants were called the Kanoji Tanwar (or Chaubisi Tanwar) and settled at the following villages, viz. Badbad, Buhana, Shimla (now Ahirs), Naraat, Asarwas, Doodhwa, Rayali, Dhani Sampatsingh, Gaadli, Nimbaas, Nanihaya, Derla, Kansni, Lotiya, Fatehpura, Kakoda, Toradi, Agwana, Baalji, Budhanpura, Dhodhwal, Laambi, Adicho (Surajgarh), Kanjla, Thigdiya.
Rao Bhairuji
Rao Jayrathji (Jatmal), he founded Tonda, his descendants are the Jatu Tanwar's of Haryana spread in 1449 villages.
Rao Hanumanji, he went to Dholpur Sikandri.
Rao Ajmalji, married and had issue, descendants settled at Pokhran and Jaisalmer and one of them was Baba Ramdevji, a deity in Rajasthan from Runicha village.
Rana Akheraj, married and had issue.
Rana Bheevraj, married and had issue.
Rana Jograj, married and had issue.
Rana Ransi, married and had issue.
Rana Ajmalji, married and had issue.
Rao Veeramdev (Veeramdevra)
Rao Ramdev (Baba Ramdevji of Ramdevra), the Holy Sage from Runicha, Rajsthan also known as Ram Pir, he was a great social reformer and propounder of peace and equality.
Rao Rajsi
Rao Bikoji
Rao Lakha (Lakshmanji)
Rao Sohanpalji, married and had issue, the Rajas of Asa-Morena and later, Gwalior.
Rani Roopsundari, married Raja Vijayachandra of Kannauj (see Rathore Dynasty), and had issue.
Rani Ruka Bai, married Raja Someshwar, Raja of Ajmer, and had issue (see Chauhan Dynasty).
Rao Govindraj, he was killed in battle at Tarain in 1192.
Rajas of Gwalior
Following the defeat at Tarain, a branch of the Tomar dynasty established itself in the area of modern Gwalior in northern Madhya Pradesh. Gwalior Fort was captured by the Mughal Emperor in 1517 and many Tomar rajputs moved to other areas, including Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, the Punjab and Rajasthan.
Raja Virsingh Dev, Raja of Gwalior 1375/-, during the confusion caused by the rebellion of Timur, Gwalior fell to Virsingh Dev Tanwar in 1375, who was a Zamindar of Isa-Manemola village in Dandroli, and Governor of Gwalior Fort, he acknowledged the Lodhi Sultan as suzerain and was allowed to retain possession of the fort, married and had issue, his descendants still (1908) live in the Tonwarghar zila of Gwalior State.
Raja Viram Dev [aka Vikram Dev](qv)
Raja Uddharan Dev, Raja of Gwalior -/1400, he succeeded his brother and ruled briefly.
Raja Lakshman Dev, Raja of Gwalior 1400/1417
Raja Viram Dev, Raja of Gwalior 1417/1419
Raja Ganapati Dev, Raja of Gwalior 1419/1424
Raja Dungar Singh [aka Dugarendra], Raja of Gwalior 1424/1454 or 1425/1459, he made Gwalior a major power in Central India; he also executed the celebrated rock sculptures of Gwalior; married and had issue.
Raja Kirti Singh [aka Karan Singh](qv)
Raja Kirti Singh, Raja of Gwalior 1454/1479 or 1459/1480, he fought with Maharana Kumbha of Mewar, against the Muslim Kings of Malwa; married and had issue. He died 1479.
Raja Kalyanmal (qv)
Rao Mangal Rai, he was granted an estate of 120 villages in Dhodri and Amba of Tomargarh, later he tried to recapture Gwalior after the fall of the Tomar dynasty in Gwalior in 1516.
Maharani Apoorva Devi, married Maharaja Bhairam Deo [Viram Dev], Maharaja of Bandhogarh, and had issue (see Rewah).
Raja Kalyanmal, Raja of Gwalior 1479/1486, brother of Rao Badal Singh; married and had issue.
Raja Man Singh (qv)
Raja Man Singh, Raja of Gwalior 1486/1517, he was reckoned as the greatest of the Kings of Gwalior, but ended up losing his kingdom, married (amongst others), Rani Mriganayana, a Gurjari Princess by caste, and had issue. He died 1517.
Raja Vikramaditya (qv)
Raja Vikramaditya, Raja of Gwalior 1516/1526, Gwalior Fort was captured by Ibrahim Lodi of Delhi in 1518; he was granted the jagir of Shamsabad, married and had issue. He was killed in action at the Battle of Panipat on 20th April 1526.
Raja Ram Shah (qv)
Raja Ram Shah, last Raja of Gwalior 1526/15xx and Thakur Saheb of Esahgarh and Bhainsrorgarh 15xx/1576, he was given the fort for a sum of money, but he was defeated by Kya Khan in January 1559 and was expelled from Gwalior; he later fought at Haldighati with Maharana Pratap Singh of Mewar; married and had issue. He was killed in action on 18th June 1576 at the Battle of Haldighati.
Thakur Salivahan Shah, like his father, he too was expelled from Gwalior and later fought at Haldighati with Maharana Pratap Singh of Mewar; his descendants settled in Mewar after the sack of Gwalior; married the daughter of Maharana Udai Singhji of Mewar, and had issue. He was killed in action on 18th June 1576 at the Battle of Haldighati.
Raja Shyam Shah (qv)
Rajkumar Mitra Sen, Governor of Rohtas Fort; he may have succeeded his brother as Raja of Gwalior, but he held it only a short time and afterwards he moved to Rohitasgarh, Bihar. He died after 1597.
Rao Dharmagat, third and youngest son (qv)
Rajkumari Dhropada, married to Maharaja Rai (Raj) Singh I, 6th Raja of Bikaner, she committed sati after the death of Maharaja in January 1612.
Rajkumari (name unknown), married to Maharana Amar Singhji I of Mewar, born 1559, died 1620, and had issue.
Maharana Karan Singh, 14th Maharana of Udaipur 1620/1628, born 1584, died 1628.
Rajkumar Bhan / Bhawani Shah or Singh, killed in action on 18th June 1576 at the Battle of Haldighati.
Rajkumar Pratap Singh, killed in action on 18th June 1576 at the Battle of Haldighati.
Raja Shyam Shah, 'Raja of Gwalior' 1576/1595, he accepted Padshah Akbar as his suzerain and held Gwalior Fort a short time, married and had issue. He died after 1597.
Raja Udai Singh (qv)
Raja Sangram Singh (qv)
Raja Udai Singh, 'Raja of Gwalior'
Raja Sangram Singh, 'Raja of Gwalior' 1670/-, he assumed the nominal title of Raja of Gwalior in 1670; married and had issue. He died after 1670 (#1).
Raja Krishna Singh [aka Kishen Singh] (qv)
Raja Kishen Singh, 'Raja of Gwalior' -/1710, married and had issue. He died about 1710.
Thakur Vijay Singh, he sought refuge in Mewar, married and had issue in Udaipur (1908). He died 1781.
Thakur Uday Singh, married and had issue.
Rao Narayandas, married and had issue.
generation
Raja Malla Shah Tomar, the Raja of Kuraitha, married and had issue (see Kashipura)
Kunwar Hari Singh, he sought refuge in Mewar
Rajas of Dholpur
Raja Dholan Deo Tonwar was the founder of Dholpur in 1004 and most likely the name of city was changed to Dholpur after him. He resided ten kilometres south west of Dholpur at a place called Bilpur near Chambal where a fort still exists. His descendants are still living in the area and till independence were rulers of many small chieftainships and many villages in Morena and Gwalior. The Dholeshwar Mahadev Temple built by this Raja was washed away in the Chambal floods of 1868.
FAMILY TREES:
Tanwar Dynasty - Rajas of Delhi 736-1105 (TREE)
Tanwar Dynasty - Rajas of Delhi 1081 - 1151 (TREE)
Tanwar Dynasty - Raos of Torawati- Patan (TREE)
Tanwar Dynasty - Rajas of Gwalior - ancestry (TREE)
Tanwar Dynasty - Rajas of Gwalior - descendants (TREE)
1. "Gwalior State Gazetteer Vol.I Text and Tables" Compiled by Captain C.E. Luard M.A. Calcutta: Government Printing, India 1908
2. "Hand Book On Rajputs" by Captain A.H. Bingley. Asian Educational Services. New Delhi. 1986
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