BLS - ADULT

High-Quality CPR:

1. Start compressions within 10 seconds of recognition of cardiac arrest.

2. Push hard, push fast: Compress at a rate of 100 to 120/min with a depth of

• At least 5 cm for adults

3. Allow complete chest recoil after each compression.

4. Minimize interruptions in compressions (try to limit interruptions to less than 10 seconds)

5. Give effective breaths that make the chest rise.

6. Avoid excessive ventilation.

Main components of CPR:

• Chest compressions

• Airway

• Breathing

Adult 1-Rescuer BLS sequence:

1. Verify Scene safety.

2. Check for responsiveness (Tap the victim's shoulder and shout, "Are you OK?")

3. If the victim is not responsive, shout for the nearby help.

4. Assess for Pulse and Breathing simultaneously:

• Check Carotid Pulse in adult (at least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds)

• Check for breathing simultaneously with pulse ( observe the victims's chest rise and fall for no more than 10 seconds). Agonal Gasps are not normal breathing, it is the sign of cardiac arrest.

5. Activate Code Blue & tell somebody to bring crash cart.

6. Start High Quality CPR:

• Position yourself at the victim's side.

• Make sure the victim is lying face up on a firm, flat surface.

• Position your hand and body to perform chest compressions.

• Put the heel of one hand in the center of the victim's chest, on the lower half of the breastbone (sternum).

• Put the heel of your other hand on top of the first hand.

• Straighten your arms and position your shoulders directly over your hands.

• Compression depth should be at least 5 cm & rate should be 100 to 120 /min.

• 1 & 2 or more rescuers, provide 30:2 ratio for Adult Victims.

• Allow complete chest recoil after each compressions.

• Do not move the Victim during compressions.

7. Adult Breaths: (Provide breaths through Pocket Mask, 1 breath over 1 second & give a pause and 2nd breath over 1 second)

• Head tilt-chin lift (Place one hand on the victim's forehead and push with your palm to tilt the head back, Place the fingers of the other hand under the bony part of the lower jaw near the chin. Lift the jaw to bring the chin forward)

• Jaw Thrust (Place one hand on each side of the victim's head. You may rest your elbows on the surface on which the victim is lying. Place your index fingers under the angles of the Mandible and lift with both hands, displacing the jaw forward. If the lips close, push the lower lip with your thumb to open the lips.