The Phylogenetic Analysis of Character Matrix and Cladogram Construction of the Identified Taxa of Species

The character matrix, phylogeny, and cladogram construction reveal how the physical and genetic traits of distinct creatures changed over time. The significance of the aforementioned features in evolutionary biology is assessed in this study. It will also be used to determine relationships between species based on shared traits. The researchers used seven different methodologies, including tables, to investigate the character and phylogeny of o particular taxon, as well as the evolution of the cladogram. Researchers collected five taxa for this study which encompassess five diverse species of plants as well as its five character and character states which underlies somatic and reproductive characteristics. According to the phylogenetic hypothesis, all living organisms share a common ancestor. As indicated by genetic and physical similarities, relationships are determined by shared characteristics. Results shows that taxon 1 (Tridax procumbens). taxon 2 (Cyanthillium cinereum). taxon 3 (Oxalis corniculata L]. taxon 4 (Chloris barbata), and taxon 5 (Golactia tenuiflora) form the monophyletic group where it is considered as the descendant whereas taxon 0 (Eragrostis tenella) is considered as the outgroup taxon in the clade. Their symplesiomorphic and synapomorphic characters define their evolutionary relationships from each other. Hence. as supported from further studies, the researchers therefore conclude that Taxon 1 to Taxon 5 are closely related to each other, notwithstanding its difference in the variation and evolution of its roots and stem whereas Taxon 0, known as Erogrostis tenella L. (P.Beauv. Roem. & Schult) plays a close relative relationship to other weeds, regardless of being an unusual type of weed due to the variation of its roots.