Medicine

http://usscouts.org/mb/worksheets/Medicine.pdf

Completion of any Merit Badge Workbook does not warrant, guarantee, or confirm a Scouts completion of any merit badge requirement(s)

Taught By: Hlif and Ron

REQUIREMENTS

Discuss with your counselor the influence that EIGHT of the following people or events had on the history of health care:
1. Hippocrates
2. William Harvey
3. Antoine van Leeuwenhoek
4. Edward Jenner
5. Florence Nightingale
6. Louis Pasteur
7. Gregor Mendel
8. Joseph Lister
9. Robert Koch
10. Daniel Hale Williams
11. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
12. Marie and Pierre Curie
13. Walter Reed
14. Karl Landsteiner
15. Alexander Fleming
16. Charles Richard Drew
17. Helen Taussig
18. Jonas Salk
Explain the Hippocratic Oath to your counselor, and compare to the original version to a more modern one. Discuss to whom those subscribing to the original version of the oath owe the greatest allegiance.
Discuss the health-care provider-patient relationship with your counselor, and the importance of such a relationship in the delivery of quality care to the patient. Describe the role of confidentiality in this relationship.
Do the following:
1. Describe the roles the following people play in the delivery of health care.
  1. Allopathic physician (M.D.)and Osteopathic physician (D.O.
  2. Chiropractor (D.C.)
  3. Emergency medical technician
  4. Licensed practical/vocational nurse
  5. Medical assistant
  6. Medical laboratory technologist
  7. Nurse-midwife
  8. Nurse practitioner
  9. Occupational therapist
  10. Optometrist
  11. Pharmacist
  12. Physical therapist
  13. Physician's assistant
  14. Podiatrist
  15. Psychologist
  16. Radiologic technologist
  17. Registered Nurse
  18. Respiratory therapist
2. Describe the educational and licensing requirements to practice health care in your state for FIVE of the professions in requirement 4a. (Not all professions may exist in your state.).
1. Tell what is meant by the term "primary care" with regard to a medical specialty.
2. Briefly describe the types of work done by physicians in the following specialties:
  1. Internal medicine*
  2. Family practice*
  3. Obstetrics/gynecology*
  4. Pediatrics*
  5. Psychiatry
  6. Surgery
3. Describe the additional educational requirements for these specialties.
1. Briefly describe the types of work performed by physicians in FIVE of the following specialties or subspecialties:
  1. Allergy/immunology
  2. Anesthesiology
  3. Cardiology
  4. Colorectal surgery
  5. Critical care medicine (intensive care medicine)
  6. Dermatology
  7. Emergency Medicine
  8. Endocrinology
  9. Gastroenterology
  10. Geriatric medicine
  11. Hematology/oncology
  12. Hospitalist
  13. Infectious disease
  14. Nephrology
  15. Neuro surgery
  16. Neurology
  17. Nuclear medicine
  18. Ophthalmology
  19. Orthopedic surgery
  20. Otolaryngology/head and neck surgery
  21. Pathology
  22. Physical medicine and rehabilitation
  23. Plastic, reconstructive, and maxillofacial surgery.
  24. Preventive medicine
  25. Pulmonology
  26. Radiology
  27. Rheumatology
  28. Thoracic/cardiothoracic surgery
  29. Urology
  30. Vascular surgery
2. Describe the additional educational requirements for the five specialties or subspecialties you chose in 6a.
1. Visit a physician's office,** preferably one who delivers "primary care." (This may be that of your counselor.) Discuss the components of a medical history and physical examination (an official BSA health form may be used to guide this discussion), and become familiar with the instruments used.
2. Describe the characteristics of a good diagnostic test to screen for disease (e.g. routine blood pressure measurement). Explain briefly why diagnostic tests are not perfect.
3. Show how to take a blood pressure reading and a pulse reading.
Do the following:
1. Discuss the roles medical societies, employers, the insurance industry, and the government play in influencing the practice of medicine in the United States.
2. Briefly tell how your state monitors the quality of health care within its borders, and how it provides care to those who do not have health insurance.
Compare and discuss with your counselor at least two types of health care delivery systems used throughout the world.
Serve as a volunteer at a health-related event or facility in your community (e.g. blood drive, "health fair", blood pressure screening, etc.) approved by your counselor.

* "Primary care" specialties

** If this cannot be arranged, demonstrate to your counselor that you understand the components of a medical history and physical, and discuss the instruments involved.

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