The Chinese Exclusion Act was a U.S. federal law passed in 1882 that prohibited Chinese immigrants from coming to the United States for ten years

An agreement between the U.S. and Japan where the Japanese people would not be able to find employment in America.

The process by which individuals move from one country to another to settle and live there permanently

Ellis Island was the main entry point for immigrants coming to the United States from 1892 to 1954 and was located in New York City

Angel Island, located in San Francisco Bay, was the West Coast counterpart to Ellis Island

Nativism is the political ideology that favors the interests and culture of the native-born inhabitants over those of immigrants

"Old immigrants" refer to the immigrants who arrived in the United States before the 1880s, mainly from Western and Northern Europe

"New immigrants" refers to those who arrived in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, primarily from Southern and Eastern Europe, as well as Asia