This tool is called an otscope and is used in an otoscopy procedure. You have probably had this used on you at your annual checkup to ensure your ear is looking healthy. It is typically used to examine the ear canal and ear drum, as well as middle ear.

• Ear reconstruction

• Bone Anchored Hearing Aid (BAHA) used if severe hearing loss

• Buildup of ear wax

• Untreated can lead to hearing loss

• Caused by earplugs, hearing aids, q-tips

• Treatment is removal by professional

• Diagnosed by simple otoscopy

Conductive hearing loss due to impacted blockage of ceremun

• Two types: acute and chronic

• Swimmers ear: caused by moisture in ear

• Symptoms: redness and swelling, puss, drainage, fever, pain, itching

• Diagnosed through otoscopy

• Treatment: topical agents, antibiotics (oral or drops),

• Yeast or fungal

• Lives in warm and humid places

• Typically green

• Pain, itchy, smell, can discharge

• Can be treated with ear drops and cleaning

• Diagnosed through otoscopy

(Anwar and Gohar, 2014.)

These infections can lead to conductive hearing loss and if left untreated possibly mixed hearing loss.

• Benign bony growth

• Develops over time

• Irritation of the EAC

• Chronic cold water exposure (Surfer’s ear)

• Treatment: surgery to remove growth

• Diagnosed through otoscopy

Leads to conductive hearing loss

Two types: malignant and parotid tumors

Malignant:

• Starts as skin cancer on pinna

• Basal Cell Carcinoma: effects basal cells of skin, very common form of cancer,treated through surgery

• Squamous- cell carcinoma: effects squamous cells of skin, most common ear cancer, 15% chance of spreading, treated through surgery

• Melanoma: effects melanocyte cells of skin, less common, more aggressive, treated through surgery

Parotid Tumors:

• Occurs in salivatory glands, typically benign and painless lump, treated with surgery and radiation, can travel into canal, radiation can cause hearing loss

(Kesser, 2020.)

It depends on location of tumor and long term effects. To the left is audiogram of long term sensorinueral effects.

• Lumps made up of dead skin cells and oils produced by oil glands in the skin.

• Can sometimes be felt or seen, but if far enough can be diagnosed through otoscopy

• Typically will find out if cyst after cutting into it

Leads to conductive hearing loss as they typically develop in outer or middle ear

• Buildup of scar tissue do to things such as piercings or trauma

• Not harmful

• Cosmetic

• Issues with the effects of the pinna; may effect localization of sound

• Can usually be seen or felt

• Would be conductive hearing loss due to location of outer ear or no hearing loss at all