Asbestos Exposure in Louisiana - Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma

For Phutthayofta Chulalok (F461) in New Orleans, LA: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Picco in Baton Rouge, Louisiana is listed among potential asbestos exposure sites. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Pierre Soule, often identified as the Liberty ship SS Pierre Soulé, was a World War II-era cargo vessel constructed at a New Orleans shipyard and named for Louisiana statesman Pierre Soulé; its operations centered on transporting supplies and equipment for the war effort, and work associated with the ship in New Orleans, LA - including hull assembly, engine and boiler installation, piping, and subsequent maintenance - occurred during a period when asbestos-containing insulation, gaskets, packing, and fireproofing were widely used in shipbuilding and marine repair, creating potential asbestos exposure risks for shipyard workers, sailors serving aboard the vessel, and later repair crews.

Pinecrest State School in Pineville, Louisiana - now operating as Pinecrest Supports and Services Center under the Louisiana Department of Health's Office for Citizens with Developmental Disabilities - is a state-run residential facility that provides 24-hour care along with clinical, behavioral, habilitative, and vocational services for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities on a multi-building campus. Established in the early 20th century, it evolved from a traditional "state school" to a modern supports-and-services model while continuing to serve people from across the state. Given the age of many buildings at this location, which were constructed or expanded during periods when asbestos-containing materials were commonly used (such as pipe insulation, floor tiles, roofing, and boiler/steam systems), possible asbestos exposure could arise primarily during maintenance, repair, or renovation activities that disturb those materials. As with other public facilities, any asbestos present would be subject to inspection, management, and abatement requirements under applicable federal and state regulations to reduce risk to staff, contractors, and residents.

Pineville Kraft Corp in Pineville, Louisiana operated as a kraft pulp and paper mill within the region's forest-products industry. Using the kraft (sulfate) process to convert pine logs and chips into pulp and paper grades, typical on-site operations included wood handling, pulping digesters, chemical recovery, recovery and power boilers, evaporators, causticizing with a lime kiln, extensive steam and condensate piping, paper machines, and maintenance and utility shops. As with many paper mills built or modernized before the 1980s, the facility likely relied on asbestos-containing materials - thermal insulation on boilers and piping, lagging around dryer systems, refractory in kilns, and asbestos gaskets and packing in pumps, valves, and turbines. Potential asbestos exposure at the Pineville, LA site would have been most likely during maintenance and shutdowns, insulation removal or replacement, boiler or kiln work, and gasket or valve servicing, affecting trades such as insulators, pipefitters, millwrights, machinists, boiler operators, and outside contractors, with some risk of secondary take-home exposure. Although many asbestos uses were phased out later in the twentieth century, legacy materials can persist in older equipment and building components, posing hazards if disturbed. Overall, Pineville Kraft Corp served as a significant industrial operation in Pineville, Louisiana while presenting the asbestos-related risks historically associated with kraft paper mills.

The Pittsburgh Plate & Glass (PPG) facility in Lake Charles, Louisiana - part of the region's petrochemical corridor near Westlake - operated as a large chemical complex that produced chlor - alkali products (chlorine and caustic soda) and downstream derivatives such as hydrochloric acid, hypochlorite, and vinyl-chain intermediates like ethylene dichloride and vinyl chloride monomer; the site later became part of PPG's commodity chemicals business that transitioned to Axiall and then to Westlake after subsequent acquisitions. Built and expanded during the mid - 20th century, the plant used extensive steam, power, and process systems typical of heavy chemical manufacturing and served as a major local employer in the Lake Charles, LA area. Historically, older chlor - alkali diaphragm cells commonly relied on asbestos fibers, and asbestos - containing insulation, gaskets, and packing were widely used on pipes, boilers, pumps, valves, and other high - temperature equipment, especially before modern materials were adopted. As a result, workers such as maintenance personnel, insulators, pipefitters, and contractors at Pittsburgh Plate & Glass - Lake Charles, LA could have experienced possible asbestos exposure, particularly during repairs, turnarounds, or removal of aging insulation prior to industry - wide phaseouts. While engineering controls and material substitutions have reduced risks over time, the historical use of asbestos at chemical plants like this one means potential past exposure is a recognized concern associated with this location.

The Pittsburgh Plate and Glass (PPG) Chemical Plant in Lake Charles, Louisiana was a major Gulf Coast chemical complex associated with PPG Industries' former commodity chemicals operations, primarily producing chlor - alkali products such as chlorine and caustic soda and related derivatives used in plastics, water treatment, and industrial manufacturing; the site, developed in the mid - 20th century, later became part of the Axiall portfolio following PPG's spin - off and merger of its commodity chemicals business, and is now associated with Westlake's operations in the Lake Charles area. As with many chlor - alkali facilities of its era, potential asbestos exposure at the PPG Chemical Plant in Lake Charles could have occurred from thermal insulation on steam lines, boilers, turbines, heat exchangers, and process equipment, as well as from asbestos - containing gaskets and packing used in pumps and valves; historically, diaphragm - cell chlor - alkali units also employed asbestos fiber diaphragms before conversions to non - asbestos membrane technology, meaning operators, maintenance personnel, and contractors working during repairs, turnarounds, or material removal were at risk of airborne asbestos exposure until such materials and practices were phased out under evolving regulations and modernization efforts.

Pittsburgh Plate Glass (later PPG Industries) operated a large chemical manufacturing complex in the Lake Charles, Louisiana area, commonly known as the Lake Charles Works, that supported the Gulf Coast petrochemical sector with chlor-alkali products such as chlorine and caustic soda and related industrial chemicals from the mid-20th century onward; the site's operations and workforce evolved over time as PPG reorganized its commodity chemicals business, which later combined with other companies, though the location is often still identified by the original Pittsburgh Plate Glass name. As with many long-running chemical plants, historical use of asbestos-containing materials was likely, including thermal insulation on steam lines, boilers, and process equipment, as well as asbestos gaskets and packing in pumps and valves; older chlor-alkali units industry-wide also relied on asbestos diaphragm technology before later conversions. Workers and contractors involved in maintenance, pipefitting, insulation, and turnaround activities at the Pittsburgh Plate Glass facility in Lake Charles, LA would have had the greatest potential for asbestos exposure, particularly in earlier decades before modern controls and substitutions were implemented.

The Pittsburgh Plate Glass facility in West Lake Charles, Louisiana - later known under PPG Industries and ultimately folded into Axiall and then Westlake Chemical operations - functioned for decades as a major Gulf Coast chlor - alkali and industrial chemicals complex, producing chlorine, caustic soda, hydrochloric acid, and related products that supplied regional plastics, paper, water treatment, and other manufacturing markets. Established in the mid-20th century, the site supported large-scale processing, storage, and distribution and employed a broad workforce of operators, maintenance personnel, and contractors. Like many chlor - alkali plants of its era, the facility historically used asbestos-containing materials, including asbestos-fiber diaphragms in older cell units and thermal insulation on steam lines, boilers, turbines, pumps, and valves, as well as asbestos gaskets and packing; as a result, workers - particularly maintenance trades such as pipefitters, insulators, electricians, and contractors - could have experienced asbestos exposure, especially prior to modernization, abatement programs, and the adoption of membrane-cell technology. While subsequent ownership changes and upgrades reduced asbestos use and improved controls, legacy materials and renovation activities at the Pittsburgh Plate Glass site in West Lake Charles, LA may still have presented intermittent exposure risks during disturbance of older equipment and buildings.

The Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co (later PPG Industries) established a major chemical complex in the Lake Charles, Louisiana area in the mid-20th century, focused on chlor-alkali operations that produced chlorine and caustic soda and related derivatives such as hydrochloric acid and hypochlorite, supported by extensive steam, power, and maintenance systems for large-scale Gulf Coast industrial distribution by rail and pipeline; the site later became part of PPG's divested chlor-alkali business that operated under Axiall and subsequently Westlake Chemical following corporate transactions. At this type of chlor-alkali facility, workers historically faced potential asbestos exposure, particularly before industry-wide conversion from asbestos diaphragm cells to membrane technology, with elevated risks for employees and contractors involved in diaphragm preparation and change-outs, equipment repair, and maintenance. Additional possible asbestos sources at the Lake Charles plant included insulation on steam lines and boilers, heat-resistant gaskets and packing, and other high-temperature components common in mid-century chemical plants, making exposures more likely prior to the 1990s and primarily affecting trades such as pipefitters, mechanics, insulators, and electricians.

The Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company facility in Lake Charles, Louisiana - later known as PPG Industries' Lake Charles Works and, after corporate changes, part of Axiall and then Westlake - operated as a large chemical manufacturing complex built in the mid-20th century, primarily producing chlor-alkali chemicals such as chlorine, caustic soda, and related derivatives, supported by onsite utilities, maintenance shops, storage, and distribution infrastructure. Historically, operations at this site and similar chemical plants relied on high-temperature equipment, steam systems, and process vessels that were commonly insulated with asbestos-containing materials, and older chlor-alkali units often used asbestos-based diaphragms before conversion to membrane technology, creating potential asbestos exposure for operators, pipefitters, insulators, maintenance workers, and contractors during installation, repair, turnarounds, and abatement activities. Although asbestos use declined with regulatory changes and modernization, individuals who worked at or serviced the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company - Lake Charles, LA facility in earlier decades may have encountered asbestos-containing insulation, gaskets, and packing and should be aware of possible occupational exposure.

The Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company (PPG Industries) facility in Lake Charles, Louisiana operated for decades as a large chemical complex primarily engaged in chlor - alkali production, manufacturing chlorine, caustic soda, and related chlorinated chemicals used in plastics, water treatment, and industrial intermediates; the site later became part of PPG's commodity chemicals business that was spun off as Axiall and subsequently integrated into successor operations in the Lake Charles area. Established in the mid - 20th century as PPG diversified beyond glass into coatings and chemicals, the Lake Charles plant was a major regional employer and underwent periodic modernization and environmental oversight due to historical waste practices common to the industry. Potential asbestos exposure at this location could have occurred during earlier operating periods, particularly in chlor - alkali units that historically used asbestos diaphragms, as well as from asbestos - containing thermal insulation, gaskets, and packing on pipes, boilers, and equipment; maintenance and contractor personnel performing repairs or diaphragm change - outs would have had the highest risk before later control measures and non - asbestos technologies were adopted.

For Pittsburgh Seam in New Orleans, LA, there is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Placid Oil's Port Allen, Louisiana site refers to the Placid refinery complex located on the west bank of the Mississippi River in Port Allen, LA, where crude oil is processed into transportation fuels and other refined petroleum products through typical refinery operations such as crude distillation and product treating, with distribution generally handled by pipeline, truck, and marine shipment. The facility has long served regional fuel markets in the Baton Rouge-Gulf Coast corridor and relies on a mix of full - time workers and contractors for daily operations, maintenance, and periodic turnarounds. As with many Gulf Coast refineries that were built or expanded during the mid - 20th century, asbestos - containing materials were historically used for thermal insulation, gaskets, packing, refractory linings, and certain building materials around boilers, furnaces, piping systems, pumps, and valves; consequently, workers involved in maintenance, repairs, or insulation work - such as pipefitters, insulators, boilermakers, and other trades - could have faced potential asbestos exposure, particularly prior to modern abatement practices and controls.

The Placid Oil Refinery in Port Allen, Louisiana - operated by Placid Refining Company LLC - is an independent refinery on the Mississippi River that has served Gulf Coast and regional markets for decades by processing crude oil into transportation fuels such as gasoline, ultra-low-sulfur diesel, and jet fuel, along with other refined petroleum products; crude supply typically arrives by pipeline and barge, and finished products move by truck, pipeline, and marine transport to nearby terminals and customers, supporting continuous operations and periodic maintenance turnarounds in West Baton Rouge Parish. As with many U.S. refineries of similar vintage, asbestos-containing materials were historically used industry-wide for thermal insulation and heat resistance in piping, boilers, heat exchangers, pumps, gaskets, valve packing, and refractory linings; accordingly, workers and contractors at the Port Allen, LA refinery - particularly those involved in maintenance, insulation work, or equipment repair prior to the 1980s - could have faced potential asbestos exposure, which modern regulations and abatement programs seek to control.

The Placid Refinery Company - Port Allen, LA facility is an independent petroleum refinery in Port Allen, Louisiana, situated on the Mississippi River, that processes crude oil into transportation fuels and other refined products (gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and blendstocks) for distribution to regional markets across Louisiana and the Gulf Coast by river, pipeline, and truck; the site has operated for decades as a mid-sized refinery supporting local employment and logistics, with process units configured to meet modern fuel specifications; as with many refineries constructed or expanded before the 1980s, asbestos-containing insulation, gaskets, and packing were historically used on high-temperature equipment and piping at refineries, meaning potential asbestos exposure at this location could have involved maintenance personnel, pipefitters, insulators, and contractors during repairs, turnarounds, or removal of legacy materials, while current activities would be subject to regulated abatement and exposure controls.

Planters Rice Mills was a facility in New Orleans, Louisiana. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Planters Sugar Refinery in New Orleans, Louisiana operated as an industrial sugar-processing facility that refined raw cane sugar into granulated and specialty sugars, using steps typical of the industry such as clarification and filtration, multiple-effect evaporation, vacuum pan crystallization, centrifuging, drying, and packaging, supported by extensive steam, power, and materials-handling systems including boilers, vacuum pans, piping, pumps, centrifuges, conveyors, and bagging lines to supply food manufacturers and wholesale markets. As with many refineries operating through the mid-20th century, the plant's reliance on high-temperature processes and insulated equipment created potential asbestos exposure risks, particularly from thermal insulation on boilers and steam lines, gaskets and packing in pumps and valves, refractory and cement products, and fireproofing or roofing materials used before regulations in the late 1970s curtailed asbestos use. Workers and contractors such as pipefitters, boilermakers, insulators, millwrights, electricians, maintenance personnel, and laborers could have encountered asbestos during installation, repair, and removal of insulation or during renovations and demolition at the New Orleans, LA site.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred. Planters Sugar Refining Company in New Orleans, Louisiana is listed as a potential asbestos exposure location, but specific details about the facility's operations, ownership, and years of activity in New Orleans, LA are not publicly documented.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred; this reference is to Plymouth in New Orleans, LA.

Pocahontas Seam in New Orleans, LA: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred. The location is identified as Point Vicente - New Orleans, LA in New Orleans, Louisiana.

At Polarusoil in New Orleans, Louisiana: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The Ponderosa - New Orleans, LA location was a family-style steakhouse operating under the Ponderosa Steakhouse brand, with typical restaurant operations that included grilling and buffet service, kitchen and dish room work, refrigeration and HVAC maintenance, and routine building upkeep common to full - service dining in New Orleans, Louisiana. Publicly available details about this specific site are limited, but as with many mid- to late - 20th - century commercial restaurant buildings, asbestos-containing materials such as floor and ceiling tiles, mastics, pipe or boiler insulation, roofing products, and certain fireproofing or acoustical materials may have been present prior to renovation or replacement. Possible asbestos exposure at this location would most likely have arisen during maintenance, repair, or renovation work that disturbed aging insulation or tiles, as well as HVAC servicing, with higher risk to maintenance personnel, contractors, and employees working near affected areas. No specific, documented asbestos incidents unique to this property were found, but it appears on broader lists of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Poplar Grove Factory and Refining Company in Port Allen, Louisiana was a sugarcane processing facility associated with the historic Poplar Grove plantation complex in West Baton Rouge Parish, converting cane from regional growers into raw sugar and molasses during the annual grinding season; typical operations at a sugar mill/refinery of this type included cane crushing mills, bagasse-fired steam boilers, evaporators, vacuum pans, centrifugals, and extensive piping and power equipment, with nearby Mississippi River and rail links facilitating shipments. Like many U.S. sugar mills and refineries built or active before the 1980s, the site likely utilized asbestos-containing materials for high-heat and corrosion-resistant service - such as pipe and boiler insulation, block and cement, gaskets, and pump and valve packing - creating potential exposure hazards for maintenance workers, insulators, pipefitters, welders, millwrights, electricians, and laborers during routine operations, outages, and repairs, and for contractors during later renovation or demolition. Specific archival details about the Poplar Grove Factory And Refining Company - Port Allen, LA are limited, but the industrial processes and equipment used there would have presented the same asbestos risks common to similar sugar manufacturing facilities of the period.

For Poplar Theatre in New Orleans, Louisiana: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred. This note concerns the Port Allen Marine Cleaning Plant in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

The Port of New Orleans in New Orleans, Louisiana is a deep-draft, multimodal gateway on the Lower Mississippi River that handles containerized cargo at the Napoleon Avenue Container Terminal, significant breakbulk commodities such as steel, forest products, rubber, and coffee, and a robust cruise business through the Erato Street and Julia Street Cruise Terminals; it also connects via the New Orleans Public Belt Railroad to all six U.S. Class I railroads and to major interstate highways, supporting regional and national supply chains under the governance of the Board of Commissioners established in 1896. As with many U.S. ports and maritime facilities, there has historically been potential for asbestos exposure at this location, particularly during mid-20th-century eras when ships and port equipment commonly used asbestos-containing insulation, gaskets, packing, and brake/clutch linings, and when older warehouses or terminal structures could incorporate asbestos materials; longshoremen, ship repair and maintenance crews, and contractors would have been the most likely groups at risk before modern controls were in place. Today, asbestos work is governed by strict federal and state regulations requiring identification, handling, and abatement procedures to minimize exposure during maintenance, renovation, or demolition activities at the Port of New Orleans.

The Port Of New Orleans - Grain Elevator in New Orleans, LA is part of the Port of New Orleans' riverfront cargo complex on the Mississippi River and serves as a transfer point for bulk agricultural commodities - such as corn, soybeans, and wheat - moving from inland barges and rail to ocean-going vessels; typical operations include receiving, storage in bins, weighing and sampling, conveying via belt systems, and loading ships, with services like cleaning or fumigation performed to meet export specifications. As a public port facility in New Orleans, Louisiana, the grain elevator has historically supported the Gulf export corridor and is commonly leased or operated by private grain companies under the Port's oversight. Potential asbestos exposure at a mid-20th-century grain elevator and port setting could have arisen from insulation on steam lines, boilers, heating equipment, and dust-control or conveyor drive systems, as well as from asbestos-containing building materials, gaskets, and packing in pumps and valves; the greatest risk would have been to maintenance and repair personnel or contractors during disturbance of aging materials before asbestos use was curtailed by modern regulations and controls.

Powellton Seam in New Orleans, LA is a named site, but specific operational history or general background details are not documented in available summaries. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

For Power Gas Corporation - Geismar, Louisiana, there is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

For the site known as Power Plant - Baldwin, Louisiana, there is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on the Power Plant - Bastrop, LA site in Bastrop, Louisiana, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred. This note pertains to Power Plant � Order 2611 in Monroe, LA.

The PPG Industries facility in Lake Charles, Louisiana, historically known as the Lake Charles Chemical Complex, operated as a large integrated chemical plant producing chlor-alkali products (chlorine and caustic soda) and related chlorinated derivatives, along with byproducts such as hydrogen and hydrochloric acid, supported by regional brine resources; the site has been a major employer in the Lake Charles area since mid-20th century and later transitioned from PPG's commodity chemicals business to Axiall in 2013 and subsequently to Westlake in 2016, though it is still commonly referenced as PPG's Lake Charles plant. As with many mid-century chemical plants, possible asbestos exposure at this location could have occurred due to historical use of asbestos-containing materials in high-temperature insulation on steam and process lines, boilers, reactors, pumps, and heat exchangers, as well as in gaskets, packing, cement, and fireproofing; elevated risk would have been most likely for maintenance crews, pipefitters, insulators, and contractors during repairs, turnarounds, or retrofit/demolition work prior to widespread asbestos phase-outs and abatement programs that began in the late 1970s-1980s.

PPG Industries' Lake Charles, Louisiana complex (often referred to as the Lake Charles or Westlake Works) has been a major Gulf Coast chemical manufacturing site since the mid-20th century, historically producing chlor-alkali products (chlorine and caustic soda), vinyl chain intermediates such as ethylene dichloride and vinyl chloride monomer, and other chlorine derivatives supported by onsite brine, utilities, and extensive rail and barge logistics; the facility and related commodity chemicals operations were later separated from PPG and ultimately became part of Axiall and then Westlake. Because U.S. chlor - alkali plants traditionally used asbestos-containing diaphragms in diaphragm-cell units and relied on asbestos insulation, gaskets, and packing on boilers, steam lines, reactors, and rotating equipment, workers and contractors at the PPG Industries - Lake Charles, LA site could have faced asbestos exposure risks, especially during maintenance, repairs, and insulation work performed before modern membrane technology and updated controls were widely adopted.

PPG Industries - Westlake, LA refers to the long-standing chemical manufacturing complex in Westlake, Louisiana that historically operated as part of PPG's chlor-alkali and industrial chemicals business, producing chlorine, caustic soda, hydrogen, and related derivatives that supplied the Gulf Coast petrochemical value chain; the site later transitioned when PPG spun off its commodity chemicals unit to form Axiall in 2013, and those assets were subsequently acquired by Westlake Chemical in 2016, though many still recognize the location by its former PPG name. Built and expanded over decades, the facility encompassed production units, utilities, and extensive maintenance operations typical of large chemical plants in the Lake Charles/Westlake area. Given the era and processes involved, possible asbestos exposure at this location could have occurred historically from insulation on steam and process piping, boilers, turbines, pumps, and valves, as well as from gaskets and packing, and in older diaphragm cell areas where asbestos-based diaphragms were once common before conversions to non-asbestos technologies; such risks would have been most significant for production and maintenance personnel and contractors during repairs, turnarounds, and pre-abatement periods.

Located off Columbia Southern Road in Lake Charles, Louisiana, the Riverside Power Station was an onsite/captive utility facility supporting PPG Industries' large Lake Charles chemical complex, supplying electricity and process steam for units historically associated with chlor-alkali and related commodity-chemical production. Built to serve the former Columbia-Southern/PPG operations that expanded significantly in the mid-20th century, the station typically housed high-pressure boilers, turbines, and extensive steam and condensate piping, with round-the-clock operations and regular maintenance outages to keep the process units supplied. As with many powerhouses and chemical plants of that era, possible asbestos exposure at this Lake Charles, LA facility could have occurred from insulation on boilers, turbines, and piping, as well as from gaskets, packing, refractory materials, electrical insulation, and, elsewhere in the complex, asbestos-containing diaphragm cells historically used in chlorine production; such exposure risks were most pronounced for insulators, pipefitters, boilermakers, maintenance crews, and contractors during repairs and turnarounds before modern controls and abatement programs reduced hazards.

The PPG Industries plant in Lake Charles, Louisiana (located in Westlake, just outside Lake Charles) was a major Gulf Coast chemical complex established in the mid-20th century, producing chlor-alkali products such as chlorine and caustic soda and a range of downstream chlorinated derivatives; the site later became part of Axiall following the spin-off of PPG's commodity chemicals business and is now within Westlake Chemical's operations. The facility's chlor-alkali units historically used diaphragm-cell technology, and like many plants of that era, asbestos-containing materials were commonly present in diaphragms, pipe and equipment insulation, gaskets, and valve packing. As a result, workers in operations, maintenance, and contracting trades at the Lake Charles, LA complex could have experienced asbestos exposure, particularly before the industry's transition to membrane cells, tighter controls, and abatement programs from the late 1970s onward.

PPG Industries, Incorporated - Lake Charles, LA refers to a long-standing chemical manufacturing complex in the Lake Charles, Louisiana area that for decades produced chlor-alkali products such as chlorine and caustic soda, along with related industrial chemicals used in plastics, water treatment, and pulp and paper applications; the facility later transitioned from PPG's ownership when PPG's commodity chemicals business combined with Georgia Gulf to form Axiall in 2013, and it is now associated with Westlake operations, though the site is still commonly identified by its historic PPG name. As with many mid-20th-century chemical plants, operations at this location relied on high-temperature and high-pressure systems, and historically used asbestos-containing materials for thermal insulation on piping and equipment, in gaskets and valve packing, and in older chlorine production units that employed asbestos diaphragms before conversion to newer technologies, creating potential asbestos exposure risks for plant operators, maintenance personnel, and contractors - particularly during repairs, turnarounds, and demolition activities prior to modern abatement and upgrades.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Preformed Metals in Shreveport, Louisiana: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Premetco International Plant in Shreveport, LA: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The Premier Oil Refining Company Of Texas - Cotton Valley, LA site is located in Cotton Valley, Louisiana. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Regarding Princeville Canning Company in St Francisville, Louisiana: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Princeville Canning Company in St. Francisville, LA: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Process Insulation in Sterlington, Louisiana is a listed site. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The Procter And Gamble Company maintained operations in Alexandria, Louisiana that were generally consistent with the firm's regional manufacturing and distribution activities for household and personal-care products, including packaging, warehousing, and maintenance of process utilities and equipment. Although detailed, product-specific records for this address are limited in public summaries, it is listed among industrial sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred, particularly before the 1980s, due to common use of asbestos-containing insulation on steam and process piping, boilers, turbines, pumps, gaskets, and various building materials. At the Procter And Gamble Company - Alexandria, LA location, the greatest potential exposure would have involved maintenance personnel, pipefitters, electricians, and outside contractors who disturbed aging insulation and equipment during repairs, with later regulatory changes leading to abatement activities and improved controls.

The Procter And Gamble Company - Pineville, LA facility in Pineville, Louisiana is a Procter & Gamble manufacturing and packaging site that supports production and distribution of consumer goods, with typical industrial operations such as processing lines, packaging areas, warehousing, logistics, and on-site utilities (e.g., steam, compressed air, and water systems) supported by maintenance shops and contractors. As with many large industrial plants operating during the mid-to-late 20th century, potential asbestos hazards at this location could have been associated with thermal insulation on steam lines and boilers, pipe and valve packing, pump and flange gaskets, HVAC and electrical components, and certain construction materials; workers most likely to encounter exposure would have included maintenance personnel, pipefitters, insulators, electricians, and custodial or renovation crews, with a possibility of secondary (take-home) exposure from contaminated clothing.

The Procter And Gamble Manufacturing Company facility in Alexandria, Louisiana is associated with Procter & Gamble's U.S. manufacturing network, but detailed public information about its specific operations, products, and years of activity is limited; it is, however, cited on lists of industrial sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred. At facilities of this type and period, potential asbestos sources commonly included thermal insulation on boilers and steam lines, insulation on process equipment, and asbestos-containing gaskets, packing, and building materials used before the late 1970s and early 1980s. Workers at greatest risk typically included maintenance personnel, pipefitters, insulators, boiler operators, and others who repaired or disturbed insulated systems, with possible bystander exposure for nearby production employees. No site-specific asbestos incidents are publicly documented for the Alexandria, LA location, but industry practices and materials of the era created plausible exposure pathways until asbestos use declined under evolving regulations.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The Publicker Commercial Alcohol Company - Westwego, LA site was an industrial alcohol facility in Westwego, Louisiana associated with Publicker's commercial alcohol operations, producing ethanol and related industrial alcohol products. Operations at a plant of this type included fermentation, multi-stage distillation, and bulk storage and transfer, supported by boilers, heat exchangers, and extensive steam and process piping maintained by operators and mechanical trades. During the era when such facilities commonly ran, asbestos-containing materials were widely used for thermal insulation and sealing, so potential asbestos exposure at this location could have occurred from insulation on boilers and steam lines, on stills and evaporators, and from gaskets and packing in pumps and valves, especially during maintenance, repair, or removal activities.

There is no additional information available on Pullman Kellogg - Good Hope, LA, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The Pulp Mill in West Monroe, Louisiana is a longstanding pulp and paper manufacturing site that processes regional timber into pulp and paper or paperboard, generally relying on chemical (kraft) pulping with wood chipping, pulping and bleaching (as applicable), chemical recovery, power and steam generation, and paper machine operations, supported by on-site maintenance, warehousing, and rail/truck logistics; operations are typically continuous and regulated under environmental permits due to significant water and energy use. Historically, pulp and paper mills used asbestos extensively for high-temperature service, including insulation on boilers, recovery furnaces, digesters, evaporators, steam lines, valves, turbines, and dryer cans, as well as asbestos-containing gaskets, packing, cement board (transite), and roofing; this created potential exposure - especially before the late 1970s - for maintenance and production workers such as pipefitters, millwrights, boilermakers, electricians, insulators, and contractors performing repairs or renovations that could disturb legacy materials. While no specific incidents are cited here for the Pulp Mill - West Monroe, LA, the industrial profile of a mid-20th-century paper facility in West Monroe, LA indicates that asbestos exposure could have occurred historically, with modern abatement and safety programs reducing current risk.

Quachita National Bank in Monroe, Louisiana functioned as a local commercial banking institution serving residents and businesses through typical services such as deposit accounts, consumer and commercial lending, and in-branch teller and office operations at its Monroe, LA facilities. Publicly available details about the site's building specifications and history are limited, but if the premises were built or renovated before the 1980s, asbestos-containing materials commonly used in office buildings - such as insulation, pipe or duct wrap, floor tiles, ceiling panels, and fireproofing - could have been present, creating potential exposure risks primarily during maintenance, repair, or renovation activities by employees or contractors. No specific incidents or confirmed asbestos exposures unique to Quachita National Bank have been identified.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The Quaker Oats Company - New Orleans, LA site was part of the company's network supporting production and distribution of cereals and other grain-based foods in the Gulf Coast region; located in New Orleans, Louisiana, the facility handled industrial activities typical of food companies, including equipment maintenance, packaging, and warehousing connected to rail and port logistics. During the decades when asbestos-containing materials were widely used in industry (particularly before the early 1980s), potential asbestos exposure at this location could have occurred through thermal insulation on boilers and steam lines, pipe and valve packing and gaskets, oven or dryer components, roofing and siding products, and other insulated equipment; workers most at risk would have included maintenance personnel, boiler operators, pipefitters, electricians, and millwrights who repaired or disturbed these materials.

Quality Shipyard in Houma, LA was a Gulf Coast marine facility known for building, repairing, and refitting workboats, offshore supply vessels, barges, and tugs, with typical operations including steel hull fabrication, pipefitting, machinery and electrical work, blasting and coating, outfitting, and dry-docking to support the region's oil and gas and commercial marine industries. Like many U.S. shipyards operating from the mid-20th century through the early 1980s, the Houma, Louisiana site likely used asbestos-containing materials in pipe and boiler insulation, machinery gaskets and packing, turbines and pumps, fireproofing, and heat shields or welding blankets, creating potential exposure for insulators, pipefitters, machinists, boilermakers, electricians, welders, shipfitters, painters, and laborers - especially during repair, removal, or disturbance of aging insulation in confined spaces. Regulatory changes and modern controls have substantially reduced risks, but maintenance on older vessels or legacy equipment can still pose asbestos hazards if not properly managed and abated.

For R. F. Zimmerman & Company, Inc. in Shreveport, Louisiana: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

R. M. Johnson is located in New Orleans, Louisiana. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The R.E. Morrison Estate in Lockport, Louisiana is referenced in asbestos site listings, but there is no publicly available detail on its operations, timeframe, or facility type. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

This entry pertains to R.H. Coleman And Company in Eunice, Louisiana. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Raceland Milling Co in Raceland, Louisiana, has been identified in asbestos exposure site listings, but detailed public information about its history, operations, or specific industrial activities is not readily available. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Raceland Sugars, also referenced in some records as Savannah Foods, in Raceland, Louisiana operated as a sugarcane milling and raw sugar production site serving local growers, where harvested cane was crushed to extract juice that was clarified, evaporated, crystallized, and centrifuged to produce raw sugar and molasses for shipment to refineries; typical operations relied on large steam boilers, high - pressure piping, vacuum pans, multiple - effect evaporators, dryers, centrifugals, and extensive material - handling systems during Louisiana's seasonal grinding campaigns. At an industrial sugar mill such as this in Raceland, LA, potential asbestos exposure could have occurred historically from thermal insulation on boilers, turbines, and steam lines, insulation on evaporators and vacuum pans, gaskets and packing in pumps and valves, refractory and lagging on high - temperature equipment, and building materials, particularly prior to the 1980s and during maintenance, repairs, shutdowns, and overhauls when these materials were disturbed.

Ralston Purina in Shreveport, Louisiana was part of the company's regional network supporting the production and distribution of Purina-branded animal feeds, with typical feed-mill operations such as grain receiving by rail and truck, grinding, mixing or pelletizing, bagging, warehousing, and outbound shipping. Facilities of this type commonly used industrial systems including boilers, dryers, compressors, and steam lines, and maintenance and production work often involved contact with high-temperature equipment. As with many industrial plants operating during much of the 20th century, there was potential for asbestos exposure from insulation on pipes and boilers, gaskets and packing in pumps and valves, dryer and oven components, transite boards, and roofing or cement products; tasks involving repair, insulation removal, or equipment overhauls posed higher risks before asbestos use was curtailed in the late 1970s and 1980s. Individuals who worked at or serviced the Ralston Purina facility in Shreveport, LA during earlier decades may therefore have encountered asbestos-containing materials in the course of routine operations and maintenance.

The location Ramsey Scarlet in Baton Rouge, LA: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred. This refers to Rashid in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Rayco Shipbuilders is located in Houma, Louisiana. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The site known as Reading - New Orleans, LA is referenced on lists of potential asbestos exposure locations in New Orleans, LA. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

For Reality Operators Inc in Thibodaux, LA, there is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The Red River Cotton Oil Company, Incorporated in Alexandria, Louisiana operated as a cottonseed processing and oil refining facility serving regional cotton gins along the Red River; typical mill operations included receiving and storing seed, delinting and dehulling, cooking and pressing or solvent-extracting oil, and refining/bleaching/deodorizing it for edible and industrial uses, while producing byproducts such as cottonseed meal and hulls for livestock feed and linters for cellulose and paper goods, with outbound shipments by truck and rail. At industrial plants of this type and era, potential asbestos exposure could occur because boilers, steam and process piping, dryers, cookers, filters, and deodorizer units were commonly insulated with asbestos, and gaskets, packing, cement, and building materials (roofing, siding, and transite panels) often contained asbestos; employees most likely to encounter it included boiler tenders, maintenance and repair crews, pipefitters, millwrights, electricians, and outside contractors performing insulation or equipment work, especially prior to the 1980s. This Alexandria, LA site therefore presents the historical asbestos exposure pathways typical of oil mills, though the presence and condition of specific materials would have depended on the period of operation and any subsequent renovations or demolition.

The Red River, Atchafalay & Bayou Boeuf Levee District in Alexandria, Louisiana is a state-created levee district responsible for flood control and flood-risk reduction along portions of the Red River, Atchafalaya River, and Bayou Boeuf in central Louisiana, including communities in Rapides Parish such as Alexandria, LA. Its operations typically include constructing, operating, and maintaining earthen levees, floodgates, drainage structures, pump stations, and rights-of-way; conducting levee inspections, earthmoving, and vegetation management; and coordinating with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers on project delivery and emergency flood-fight activities. Historically, work in levee districts involved materials and equipment that often contained asbestos - such as insulation on pumps and piping in pump stations, asbestos-containing gaskets and valve packing, cement/transite products, roofing and siding on maintenance buildings, and brake and clutch linings on heavy equipment - creating potential occupational exposure risks for mechanics, equipment operators, and maintenance crews, particularly during repair, renovation, or demolition tasks performed before modern asbestos controls and phase-outs were in place.

The Red Star Yeast and Products Company facility in Belle Chasse, Louisiana was part of a longstanding U.S. producer of baker's yeast and related fermentation products, with operations that typically included molasses-based fermentation, large process tanks, steam generation, drying, and packaging to supply regional baking and food industries. Located in the Mississippi River industrial corridor, the plant's logistics likely involved truck and river-linked transport of raw materials and finished goods. At facilities of this type built or operating during the mid-20th century through the late 1970s, asbestos-containing materials were commonly used for thermal insulation on boilers, steam lines, evaporators, dryers, and process vessels, as well as in gaskets, valve and pump packing, and cements; as a result, workers in production and maintenance, along with trades such as pipefitters, insulators, and contractors, at the Red Star Yeast And Products Company - Belle Chasse, LA site could have faced potential asbestos exposure, especially during maintenance, repairs, or removal of aged insulation.

The Red Star Yeast And Products Company facility in New Orleans, Louisiana operated as an industrial yeast production plant serving commercial baking and food-processing markets, with typical operations that included fermenting carbohydrate substrates, processing, drying, and packaging baker's yeast and related yeast products. As with many mid-20th-century food and chemical processing sites, the New Orleans, LA location would have relied on boilers, steam lines, pumps, valves, and drying equipment to control temperatures and moisture, along with routine maintenance and overhaul of process machinery. Potential asbestos exposure at this site may have occurred before modern controls and phase-outs, since asbestos-containing insulation, gaskets, packing, and thermal barriers were commonly used on boilers, steam piping, dryers, and associated equipment; maintenance workers, pipefitters, boiler tenders, and contractors performing repairs or replacements were among those who could have faced elevated exposure risks during disturbance of those materials.

For Redstone Seam in New Orleans, LA, there is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on the site known as Refinery - Plaquemine, LA, located in Plaquemine, LA, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Refinery Warehouse in Westlake, Louisiana: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Reformed Metals Co in Shreveport, Louisiana: There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The Reginald A. Fessenden in New Orleans, Louisiana refers to a World War II-era merchant vessel named for the radio pioneer that was associated with the Port of New Orleans for docking, cargo operations, and periodic maintenance or repair work. During its service life, the ship's operations would have included transporting wartime and postwar cargo, with port activities in New Orleans, LA involving loading, unloading, and shore-based support by maritime contractors and shipyard personnel. As was typical for mid-20th-century ships and shipyards, asbestos-containing materials were widely used aboard and ashore, including pipe and machinery insulation, boiler and turbine components, gaskets, packing, and brake linings, creating the possibility of asbestos exposure for crew members, longshoremen, and repair workers handling or disturbing these materials. While specific public records for this particular vessel's work at New Orleans are limited, the materials and tasks common to the period indicate that enclosed engine and boiler rooms, piping systems, and overhaul activities would have presented the greatest potential for exposure.

Reichhold Chemical Company operated a facility in Oakdale, Louisiana as part of its broader network producing synthetic resins and related industrial chemicals used in wood products, coatings, and other manufacturing markets. While plant-specific public details are limited, Reichhold's operations historically centered on batch production of resins such as phenolic, urea-formaldehyde, alkyd, and polyester, supported by on-site storage and distribution. As with many mid-20th-century chemical manufacturing sites, possible asbestos exposure at the Oakdale, LA location could have resulted from insulation on steam lines, pipes, boilers, and process equipment, as well as from asbestos-containing gaskets and packing in pumps and valves, particularly affecting operators, maintenance personnel, and contractors before modern controls were fully adopted.

Reilly Benton Company Inc in New Orleans, Louisiana operated for many years as an industrial insulation and refractory distributor/contractor, supplying and installing thermal insulation and related materials for refineries, petrochemical plants, shipyards, and commercial/industrial facilities across the Gulf Coast; its New Orleans, LA location functioned as a headquarters/warehouse hub supporting field crews and regional projects. Because the company handled and installed products such as pipe covering, block, cements, and mastics during periods when asbestos-containing insulation was widely used, potential asbestos exposure could have occurred during cutting, mixing, installation, maintenance, and removal activities, particularly for insulators, pipefitters, maintenance workers, and others present during dusty work. Reilly Benton has been named in asbestos litigation in Louisiana, reflecting historical use of asbestos-containing materials in its line of work, though the specific exposure circumstances would have varied by product, time period, and job site.

Reilly Benton Company Inc. in New Orleans, Louisiana operated for decades as an industrial and marine insulation contractor and distributor, maintaining a local facility that served as an office and warehouse to supply and install thermal insulation, insulating cements and block, refractory and fireproofing materials, and related supplies for refineries, petrochemical plants, power stations, shipyards, and commercial buildings across the Gulf Coast. During the mid-20th century and into the 1970s, many insulation products commonly used in this trade contained asbestos - such as pipe covering, block, textiles, and cements - creating potential exposure risks for Reilly Benton workers, insulators, pipefitters, maintenance crews, and other trades at customer sites and at or near the company's New Orleans, LA operations. The company has been named in Louisiana asbestos litigation alleging exposure arising from its sale or installation of asbestos-containing materials, with alleged exposures typically tied to work performed before regulatory changes in the late 1970s and early 1980s curtailed asbestos use in insulation. Overall, the New Orleans location functioned as a distribution and contracting hub, and asbestos exposure was possible wherever its historical insulation work or materials were present.

Reilly-Benton Co., Inc.'s Baton Rouge, Louisiana location operated as a branch office and warehouse supporting the company's industrial insulation and related services across the regional petrochemical, refinery, power, and marine sectors. The Baton Rouge site typically handled storage and distribution of insulation materials and dispatched field crews for installation, maintenance, and removal of thermal insulation, refractory products, and associated components such as gaskets and packing at area facilities. During the decades when asbestos-containing insulation and fireproofing were commonly used, tasks like cutting or sawing pipe covering and block, mixing insulating cements, and removing or disturbing older materials could release airborne fibers, creating potential asbestos exposure for insulators, laborers, mechanics, and other trades, as well as bystanders at client sites. Reilly-Benton has been named in asbestos litigation in Louisiana, and individuals who worked for or alongside its operations in Baton Rouge before modern controls and protections were widely adopted may have experienced occupational or bystander exposure.

Reilly-Benton Co., Inc. in New Orleans, Louisiana operated for decades as an industrial and commercial insulation and fireproofing contractor and distributor, supplying and installing thermal insulation on piping, boilers, vessels, and HVAC systems at refineries, power plants, chemical plants, shipyards, and commercial buildings across the region. Like many insulation firms of its era, the company worked with materials that historically included asbestos, especially before regulatory changes in the late 1970s and 1980s, creating potential exposure for insulators, pipefitters, maintenance staff, and other trades during cutting, mixing, sawing, installation, removal, and cleanup. Dust from asbestos-containing insulation and refractory products could have exposed both workers and bystanders at active job sites, and legacy materials encountered during later repairs or abatement also posed risks. Reilly-Benton Co., Inc. has been named in asbestos-related litigation tied to its insulation activities, reflecting concerns about exposure at facilities in and around New Orleans, LA, and individuals who worked with or around its projects during the relevant periods may have faced elevated asbestos exposure.

Reilly-Benton Company Incorporated, based at 613 Hibernia Building in New Orleans, Louisiana, operated as an industrial and marine insulation contractor and distributor serving refineries, shipyards, power plants, and commercial facilities across New Orleans and the broader Gulf Coast. The company's operations focused on supplying and installing thermal and mechanical insulation and related materials, including pipe and block insulation, insulating cements, refractory products, gaskets, and packing. Like many firms in this sector during the mid-20th century, its product lines historically included asbestos-containing materials commonly used before the 1980s, creating potential exposure for insulators, pipefitters, boilermakers, maintenance workers, and other trades during cutting, mixing, installation, or removal at job sites. While the Hibernia Building address appears to have served primarily as an office location, with lower likelihood of significant exposure for administrative staff, workers handling materials in warehouses or at client facilities in and around New Orleans, LA could have experienced asbestos exposure associated with Reilly-Benton's products and installation activities.

Reilly-Benton Company, Incorporated operated in the mechanical insulation trade as a distributor and contractor based in New Orleans, Louisiana, serving industrial and commercial clients such as shipyards, refineries, chemical plants, and power facilities across the region; the office at 613 Hibernia Building in New Orleans functioned as an administrative and sales location, with product handling and installation occurring at customer sites and warehouses. During the years when asbestos was commonly used in thermal insulation products - including pipe covering, block insulation, cements, gaskets, and packing - workers installing, cutting, mixing, or removing these materials could have been exposed to airborne asbestos fibers, and bystander or secondary exposures (for example, from dust on work clothing) were also possible. As regulations tightened and asbestos-containing products were phased out, work practices changed to reduce such risks, but historical exposures remain a concern for former employees and tradespeople who worked at Reilly-Benton job sites. Based on the nature of the business and the office setting at 613 Hibernia Building, significant exposure would have been more likely at field locations and storage areas than during routine activities at this office address.

Reimers Schneider Co Inc in Watalbany, LA is referenced in asbestos site listings, but detailed public information about the facility's operations, industry, or dates of activity is not readily available; There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

For Resources Development Corp. - Harahan, LA in Harahan, Louisiana, there is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred. This note applies to the facility known as Resources Development Corp. in Jefferson, Louisiana.

At the Rheem Manufacturing Co. facility in New Orleans, Louisiana, detailed public information about the site's operations and history is not available. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

Rhone-Poulenc in Baton Rouge, Louisiana is referenced. There is no additional information available on this site, but it is on the list of sites where asbestos exposure may have occurred.

The Richard M. Johnson in New Orleans, Louisiana refers to the World War II-era Liberty ship SS Richard M. Johnson, named for U.S. Vice President Richard Mentor Johnson; as a merchant cargo vessel it supported wartime logistics and later commercial trade, and its association with New Orleans, LA reflects port calls for loading and unloading and periodic maintenance or repair at local maritime facilities that serviced Liberty ships. Like other ships of its time, it incorporated asbestos-containing materials in boiler and engine rooms, pipe and exhaust insulation, gaskets, valves, pumps, and other heat-protection components, creating potential asbestos exposure for crew members and shipyard workers during routine operations, maintenance, and overhauls, particularly when insulation or refractory materials were cut, removed, or replaced.