Teacher selects a text at the student's instructional reading level
Teacher reads text aloud while student listens (use correct expression, rate, etc.)
Teacher and student read a paragraph together (teacher reading slightly ahead of the student)
Student reads paragraph aloud independently
Repeat until text is complete
Student reads entire text aloud
(Young et al., 2020)
Student is provided a passage at their instructional reading level.
Teacher models fluent reading of the beginning of the passage.
Student reads passage from the beginning.
The teacher provides feedback and helps student correct errors if needed.
Repeat reading and feedback until the passage is read four times by the student.
(Donegan & Wanzek, 2021)
Select 25 unknown sight words
Pick a word from the pile and model the correct word and student repeats
Select a second word and repeat
After two words are selected, shuffle the cards and show them to the student to read independently within 2 seconds
If the student reads both correctly, then add a new word and repeat
Continue the intervention for 8 minutes
(Phipps et al., 2022)