Resources and References
The following resources were used in compiling this exhibit:
General Resources
Ferentinos, Susan. Maryland LGBTQ Historic Context Study. Preservation Maryland and Maryland Historic Trust, 2020, https://www.preservationmaryland.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/maryland-lgbtq-historic-context-study-september-2020-full-web.pdf.
“LGBTQ Rights Timeline in American History.” Teaching LGBTQ History: Instructional Resources for California Educators, Students, and Families, https://www.lgbtqhistory.org/lgbt-rights-timeline-in-american-history/. Accessed 10 August 2022.
“LGBT Rights in Maryland.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 6 August 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Maryland.
Springate, Megan E. “LGBTQ Civil Rights in America.” LGBTQ America: A Theme Study of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer History, Edited by Megan E. Springate, National Park Foundation, 2016, pp. 18-1 - 18-63, https://www.nps.gov/subjects/lgbtqheritage/upload/lgbtqtheme-civilrights.pdf.
Links for Further Reading
Montgomery County Story article: The Fight for "Gay Rights": LGBTQ+ Civil Rights Legislation in Montgomery County, by Emma Satterfield (Volume 65: Number 2)
The Case of Joe Acanfora
Acanfora, Joseph III. A Gay Teachers Battle to Teach. 2006, https://www.joeacanfora.com/.
“After five long months…” The Gay Blade, February 1973, p. 1.
Bricker, Bill. “Joe Acanfora...” The Gay Blade, November 1972, p. 1.
Dvorak, Petula. “A teacher fired years ago for being gay watches it all happen again.” The Washington Post, 21 April 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2022/04/21/school-history-dont-say-gay/.
“Gay teacher loses job.” The Gay Blade, September 1973, p. 1.
“Homosexual gains authority to teach.” The New York Times, 24 September 1972, p. 51.
“The plea of Gay school teacher…” The Gay Blade, March 1973, p. 4.
Sheehan, Larry. “Gay teacher loses appeal.” The Gay Blade, April 1974, p. 1.
Simpson, Craig. “MoCo Gay Teacher Fired 1972; Justice Denied for 40 Years.” Washington Area Spark, 20 December 2012, https://washingtonareaspark.com/2012/12/20/moco-gay-teacher-fired-1972-justice-denied-for-40-years/.
“A U.S. district judge…” The Gay Blade, June 1973, p. 1.
Anti-Discrimination Legislation
Bartolomeo, Nick. “Rockville votes unanimously to ban anti-Gay discrimination.” The Washington Blade, 18 May 1990, p. 5.
Campbell, Kristina. “Hanna provision repealed.” The Washington Blade, 27 May 1994, p. 1.
Harding, Rick. “Gaithersburg adopts Gay rights protection law.” The Washington Blade, 8 May 1987, p. 1.
Melton, R.H. “Gay Rights Quietly Gaining in Montgomery.” The Washington Post, 1 December 1983, p. MD1.
Melton, R.H. “Councilman denounces anti-bias bill.” The Washington Post, 31 August 1983, p. C9.
Melton, R.H. “Montgomery Homosexual Rights Bill Stirs Fight.” The Washington Post, 6 February 1984, p. B5.
Montgomery County Archives, Record Group 2: County Council, Records of Rose Crenca. Series III: Subject Files, "Bill 65-83: Anti-Discrimination in Public Accommodation. & Housing, 1983-1984" (Box 5, Folder 8).
Montgomery County Council Office of Legislative Oversight. Report #81-1: Human Relations Commission. 31 March 1981, https://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/OLO/Resources/Files/1982_Reports/OLO_Report_82-1_1-19-82.pdf.
“Rights bill introduced in Montgomery.” The Washington Blade, 9 September 1983, p. 7.
Scott, Mark. “Victory in Montgomery.” The Washington Blade, 21 September 1984, p. 1.
Sheehan, Lawrence. “Gay rights ‘postponed.’” The Gay Blade, November 1973, p. 1.
Springate, Megan E. “LGBTQ Civil Rights in America.” LGBTQ America: A Theme Study of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer History, Edited by Megan E. Springate, National Park Foundation, 2016, pp. 18-1 - 18-63, https://www.nps.gov/subjects/lgbtqheritage/upload/lgbtqtheme-civilrights.pdf.
Sullivan, Kevin. “Anti-gay law faces repeal.” The Washington Post, 13 January 1994, p. BMD_1.
Walter, Dave. “Montgomery rights bill proceeding smoothly.” The Washington Blade, 7 October 1983, p. 7.
Walter, Dave. “Friends, foes debate rights bill.” The Washington Blade, 2 December 1983, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Two church officials oppose Mont. Co. bill.” The Washington Blade, 13 January 1984, p. 5.
Walter, Dave. “Anti-Gay protestors disrupt work on Mont. Co. bill.” The Washington Blade, 3 February 1984, p. 5.
Walter, Dave. “Co. bill passes committee, Council votes Tuesday.” The Washington Blade, 10 February 1984, p. 5.
Walter, Dave. “Montgomery bill passes.” The Washington Blade, 17 February 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Gilchrist signs Montgomery County bill.” The Washington Blade, 24 February 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Mormons work to kill Montgomery rights law.” The Washington Blade, 6 April 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Local, national leaders set Montgomery Co. battle plans.” The Washington Blade, 11 May 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Opponents succeed in Montgomery petition.” The Washington Blade, 25 May 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Pro rights groups launch campaign.” The Washington Blade, 15 June 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Montgomery referendum signatures certified.” The Washington Blade, 6 July 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Foes lose in Montgomery County.” The Washington Blade, 27 July 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Crowley files suit to get referendum on ballot.” The Washington Blade, 3 August 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Judge suspends law; gives go-ahead to Montgomery referendum.” The Washington Blade, 31 August 1984, p. 1.
Walter, Dave. “Montgomery campaign gains momentum.” The Washington Blade, 7 September 1984, p. 1.
Domestic Partnership Benefits
Bartolomeo, Nick. “Montgomery County partners plan garners early opposition.” The Washington Blade, 14 December 1990, p. 1.
Eckels, Tracy. “County considers study.” The Washington Blade, 18 June 1999, p. 9.
Montgomery County Archives, Record Group 2: County Council, Records of Gail Ewing. Series I: Health and Human Services, "Human Relations Commission, 1991-1994" (Box 2, Folder 12).
O’Bryan, Will. “Partners bill introduced.” The Washington Blade, 1 October 1999, p. 8.
O’Bryan, Will. “Hearing elicits strong opinions.” The Washington Blade, 29 October 1999, p. 6.
O’Bryan, Will. “Montgomery Council OK’s benefits law.” The Washington Blade, 3 December 1999, p. 1.
O’Bryan, Will. “MD anti-gay petition fails.” The Washington Blade, 10 March 2000, p. 8.
Somasundaram, Meera. “Benefits Break for 'Partners': Takoma Votes to Extend Health Coverage to Couples.” The Washington Post, 5 August 1993, p. AMD_1.
Taylor, M. Jane. “Montgomery Co. panel rejects partners proposal.” The Washington Blade, 31 October 1997, p. 6.
Taylor, M. Jane. “Union seeks benefits for partners of employees.” The Washington Blade, 5 December 1997, p. 8.
Taylor, M. Jane. “Council endorses partner benefits.” The Washington Blade, 30 January 1998, p. 6.
AIDS in Montgomery County
“Anonymous & free.” The Washington Blade, 5 December 1986, p. 12.
Batza, Katie. “LGBTQ and Health.” LGBTQ America: A Theme Study of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer History, Edited by Megan E. Springate, National Park Foundation, 2016, pp. 22-2 - 22-26, https://www.nps.gov/subjects/lgbtqheritage/upload/lgbtqtheme-health.pdf.
“Become a ‘Buddy.’” The Washington Blade, 14 October 1988, p. 21.
“Fight AIDS in Montgomery County.” The Washington Blade, 12 October 1990, p. 30.
“Montgomery AIDS forums.” The Washington Blade, 3 January 1986, p. 12.
Oloizia, Richard. “Medical Arts Building and the Health Education Resource Organization (HERO).” Baltimore Heritage, https://explore.baltimoreheritage.org/items/show/555. Accessed 11 August 2022.
“Our History.” Whitman-Walker Health, accessed 11 August 2022, https://www.whitman-walker.org/our-history/.
“Snapshots of an Epidemic: an HIV/AIDS Timeline.” amfAR, accessed 11 August 2022, https://www.amfar.org/about-hiv-aids/hiv-aids-snapshots-of-an-epidemic/.
Seize Control of the FDA
“ACT NOW '88 poster.” Calisphere, 1988, https://calisphere.org/item/575fcfc9-8119-453a-be69-4c4cb64eac60/.
“ACT UP.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 1 August 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACT_UP.
AIDS Protest at FDA Rockville, October 11, 1988 (Photographer: Judy Kopp). Collection #SC-P-00014: Jane Sween Research Library and Special Collections, Montgomery History, Rockville, MD.
Aizenman, Nurith. “How To Demand A Medical Breakthrough: Lessons From The AIDS Fight.” NPR, 9 February 2019, https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/02/09/689924838/how-to-demand-a-medical-breakthrough-lessons-from-the-aids-fight. Accessed 11 August 2022.
Chibbaro, Lou, Jr. “Volatile FDA protest results in more than 170 arrests.” The Washington Blade, 14 October 1988, p. 1.
Crimp, Douglas. “Before Occupy: How AIDS Activists Seized Control of the FDA in 1988.” The Atlantic, 6 December 2011, https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2011/12/before-occupy-how-aids-activists-seized-control-of-the-fda-in-1988/249302/. Accessed 11 August 2022.
Duggan, Paul. “1,000 Swarm FDA's Rockville Office To Demand Approval of AIDS Drugs.” The Washington Post, 12 October 1988, p. B1.
“Seize Control of the FDA.” ACT UP Oral History Project, accessed 11 August 2022, https://actuporalhistory.org/actions/seize-control-of-the-fda.
Storm the NIH
Bernard, Diane. “Three decades before coronavirus, Anthony Fauci took heat from AIDS protesters.” The Washington Post, 20 May 2020, https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2020/05/20/fauci-aids-nih-coronavirus/.
“Bush’s ‘War’ on AIDS is Hell.” The Washington Post, 8 May 1990, p. A25.
Chibbaro, Lou, Jr. “1,000 demonstrators storm the NIH.” The Washington Blade, 25 May 1990, p. 1.
Eigo, Jim, et al. “FDA Action Handbook.” ACT UP Historical Archive, 12 September 1988, https://actupny.org/documents/FDAhandbook1.html.
Hilts, Philip. “82 Held in Protest on Pace of AIDS Research.” The New York Times, 22 May 1990, p. C2.
Jennings, Veronica and Malcolm Gladwell. “1,000 Rally for More Vigorous AIDS Effort.” The Washington Post, 22 May 1990, p. B1.
“Storm the NIH.” ACT UP Oral History Project, accessed 11 August 2022, https://actuporalhistory.org/actions/storm-the-nih.
“Storm the N.I.H.: Your Guide to Action.” ACT UP, May 1990, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/c/cohenaids/5571095.0422.001?rgn=main;view=fulltext.
Festivals
Baxandall, Rosalyn. “Re-Visioning the Women’s Liberation Movement’s Narrative: Early Second Wave African American Feminists.” Feminist Studies, vol. 27, no. 1, 2001, pp. 225–45.
Brown, Freddie A. “'Sisterfire' Event Grows Into Equestrian Center: 'Sisterfire' Outgrows Its District Location.” The Washington Post, 25 June 1987, p. MD1.
Clark, Marion. “Out in the Womansphere.” The Washington Post, 13 October 1974, p. O15.
Eckels, Tracy. “A more relaxed Pride celebration.” The Washington Blade, 11 June 1999, p. 14.
“Glen Echo Offers Womensphere.” The Gay Blade, August 1975, p. 4.
“GWA-DC Sisterfire Conference 1984,” Rainbow History Project Digital Collections, accessed August 10, 2022, https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/items/show/1117.
Harrington, Richard. “Laying the Roadwork for Sisterfire.” The Washington Post, 26 June 1983, p. C3.
Himes, Geoffrey. “At Sisterfire Fest, Expanding Horizons.” The Washington Post, 25 June 1984, p. P3.
Johnson, Wendy. “Montgomery County Gays ‘celebrate victory.’” The Washington Blade, 7 June 1996, p. 10.
Keller, Shelly. “Womansphere ‘75.” Unicorn Times, August 1975, p.3.
“Montgomery Pride: From Silence to Celebration.” The Washington Blade, 21 April 1995, p. 24.
Webb, Marilyn Salzman. “The VFA Pioneer Histories Project: Marilyn Salzman Webb.” Interview by Kathy Rand, Veteran Feminists of America, June 2021, https://veteranfeministsofamerica.org/vfa-pioneer-histories-project-marilyn-webb/
“Womensphere ‘75.” The Gay Blade, September 1975, p. 9.
Organizations
Ayya, Naina. “Video project takes off.” The Washington Blade, 20 July 1990, p. 30.
Ganley, Susan. “Out in Numbers.” The Washington Blade, 4 January 1991, p. 36.
“Gay women in Montgomery County.” The Gay Blade, June 1975, p. 2.
“Newsletters, SMLGA, 1985,” Rainbow History Project Digital Collections, accessed 10 August 2022, https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/items/show/1345.
Ross, Galen. “Monty Gay Rap Group.” The Blade, July 1987, p. 22.
Steiner, Amy Leigh. “Takoma Parkers’ poetry and prose.” The Washington Blade, 13 April 1990, p.37.
Stoesen, Lyn. “Montgomery Gays meet.” The Washington Blade, 31 January 1992, p. 56.
Taylor, M. Jane. “Gay and Lesbian Interests Consortium (GLIC).” The Washington Blade, 14 March 1997, p. 8.
“The Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Community Churches.” The Washington Blade, 21 February 1992, p. 23.
Businesses
Hahn, Fritz. “Gay Dance Scene Gets Northern Exposure.” The Washington Post, 24 October 2003, p. I11.
Keen, Lisa A. “Making a go of it in Silver Spring.” The Washington Post, 12 June 1981, p. B1.
“Red Capricorn, et al.” The Washington Blade, 1 July 1994, p. 19.
“Red Capricorn Coffee House and Art Gallery.” The Washington Blade, 30 September 1994, p. 51.
Valente, Judith. “Adult Bookstore Adopts Genteel Tone.” The Washington Post, 10 January 1973, p. A1.
Zibart, Eve. “Red Capricorn: Sign of the Times.” The Washington Post, 26 August 1994, p. H13.