The battalion was authorized on 7 November 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 20 May 1915. It disembarked in France on 15 September 1915, where it fought as part of the 5th Infantry Brigade, 2nd Canadian Division in France and Flanders until the end of the war. 

The battalion was disbanded on 15 September 1920.

The 22nd Battalion recruited in Quebec and was mobilized at Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec.

Two members of the 22nd Battalion were awarded the Victoria Cross : 

• Corporal Joseph Kaeble was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions on 8 June 1918 at Neuville-Vitasse, France

• Lieutenant Jean Brillant was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions on 8 and 9 August 1918 east of Méharicourt, France, during the Battle of Amiens