Some of our publications ...

Woods, G et al (in press). Post-COVID cognitive deficits at one year are global and associated with elevated brain injury markers and grey matter volume reduction: National prospective study of patients seen in hospital. Nature Medicine. 

Michael, BD et al (2023). Para-infectious brain injury in COVID-19 persists at follow-up despite attenuated cytokine and autoantibody responses. Nature Communications, 14, Article number: 8487. 

Fanshawe, J.B., Sargent, B.F .. Leek, E.C. (2023) Cognitive domains affected post-Covid-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Neurology. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ene.16181

Leek, E. C., Leonardis, A., & Heinke, D. (2022). Deep neural networks and image classification in biological vision. Vision Research, 197, 108058. 

Heinke, D., Leonardis, A., & Leek, E. C. (2022). What do deep neural networks tell us about biological vision? Vision Research, 198, 108069-108069. 

Leek, E. C., & Reppa, I. (2022). The role of parvocellular and magnocellular shape maps in the derivation of spatially integrated 3D object representations. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 1-3. 

Heinke, D., Wachman, P., van Zoest, W., & Leek, E. C. (2021). A failure to learn object shape geometry: Implications for convolutional neural networks as plausible models of biological vision. Vision research, 189, 81-92. 

Arguin, M., Marleau, I., Aubin, M., Zahabi, S. & Leek, EC. (2019). A surface-based code contributes to visual shape perception. Journal of Vision. Download here: https://jov.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2751278.

Reppa, I. & Leek, E.C. (2019). Surface diagnosticity predicts the high-level representation of regular and irregular object shape in human vision. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 81, 5, 1589-1608. ** This paper was recently awarded 'Psychonomic Society Best Article (APP) of 2019 - see here: https://www.psychonomic.org/page/BestArticleAward 

Payne J.S., Hindle J.V., Davies R.R., Coetzer R., D'Avossa G., Bracewell R.M. & Leek E.C. (2019). Study protocol for a randomised pilot study of a computed-based, non-pharmacological cognitive intervention for motor slowing and motor fatigue in Parkinson's disease. Pilot and Feasibility Studies 26 Dec 2018

Leek E.C., Roberts M.V., Dundon N.M.,& Pegna A.J. (2018). Early sensitivity of evoked potentials to surface and volumetric structure during the visual perception of three-dimensional object shape. European Journal of Neuroscience. Download here: https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14270

Oliver, Z.J., Cristino, F., Roberts, M.V., Pegna, A.J. & Leek, E.C. (2018). Stereo viewing modulates three-dimensional shape processing during object recognition: A high-density ERP study. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. Download here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5896504/ 

Dundon, N., Katschu, M., Harry, B., Roberts, D., Downing, P.J., Leek, E.C. & d’Avossa, G. (2017). Medial occipito-temporal cortex supports spatial binding and spatial working memory. Cerebral Cortex. Download here: https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/files/19745718/2017_Human_parahippocampal_cortex.pdf 

Pegna, A., Darque, A., Roberts, M.V. & Leek, E.C. (2016). Effects of stereo disparity on early-evoked potentials associated with the classification of three-dimensional object shape. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(6):1419-1430. Download here: https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/28524772 

Leek, E.C., Roberts, M., Oliver, Z., Cristino, F. & Pegna, A. (2016). Early differential sensitivity of evoked-potentials to local and global shape during the perception of three-dimensional objects. Neuropsychologia, 89, 495-509.

Leek, E.C., Yuen, K.S.L. & Johnston, S.J, (2016). Domain general sequence operations contribute to pre-SMA involvement in visuo-spatial processing. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, doi 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00009

Cristino, F., Davitt, L., Hayward, W. & Leek, E.C. (2015). Viewpoint interpolation during object recognition is depth blind: Evidence from stereoscopic presentation. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 68, 2419-2436.

Leek, E.C. & Davitt, L. & Cristino, F. (2015). The implicit encoding of cast shadow in stored shape representations mediating object recognition. Vision Research, 108, 49-55

Reppa, I., Greville, W.J. & Leek, E.C. (2015). The role of surface-based representations of shape in visual object recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 68, 2351-2369.

Leek, E.C., Kerai, J., Hindle, J. & Bracewell, R.M. (2014). Impaired visuo-spatial transformation but intact sequence processing in Parkinson disease. Cognitive & Behavioural Neurology, 27 (3), 130-138.

Davitt, L., Cristino, F., Wong, A. & Leek, E.C. (2014). Fixation preference for concave surface discontinuities during object recognition generalises across levels of stimulus classification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 40, 451-456.

Wu, Y., Cristino, F., Leek, E.C. & Thierry, G. (2013). Non-selective lexical access in bilinguals in spontaneous and independent of input monitoring: Evidence from eye-tracking. Cognition, 129, 418-425.

Kerai, J., Hindle, J., Bracewell, R.M. & Leek, E.C. (2012). Impaired visuo-spatial transformation in Parkinson’s disease affects mental rotation but not misoriented object recognition. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 34, 1053-1064

Lloyd-Jones, T.J., Roberts, M.V., Leek, E.C., Fouquet, N.C. & Truchanowicz, E.G.M. (2012). The time course of activation of object shape and shape-colour representations during implicit memory retrieval: Evidence from event-related potentials. PLoS One.

Leek, E.C., Cristino, F., Patterson, L.C., Paul, M. & Rafal, R. (2012). Eye movements during object recognition in visual agnosia. Neuropsychologia, 50, 2142-2153 

Cristino, F., Conlan, L., Patterson, L.C. & Leek, E.C. (2012). The appearance of shape in visual perception:  Eye movement patterns during recognition and reaching. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Appearance (Computer Vision). 

Leek, E.C. Cristino, F., Conlan, L., Patterson, L.C., Rodriguez, E. & Johnston, S. (2012). Eye movement patterns during the recognition of three-dimensional objects: A fixation preference for concave surface curvature minima. Journal of Vision. 12, 1, 7, doi: 10.1167/12.1.7

Leek, E.C., D’Avossa, G., Yuen, S.L., Hu, M., Tainturier, M-J. & Rafal, R. (2012). Semantic relatedness and visual similarity affect overlapping figures task performance in ventral simultanagnosia: Implications for theories of perceptual integration in human vision. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 29, 569-583 

Lim, I.S. & Leek, E.C. (2012). Curvature and the visual perception of shape: Theory on information along object boundaries and the minima rule revisited. Psychological Review, 119, 668-677

Tainturier, M.J., Roberts, J. & Leek, E.C. (2011). Reading processes in transparent and opaque orthographies: Evidence from acquired dyslexia in Welsh/English bilinguals. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 28, 546-563

Reppa, I., Schmidt, W. & Leek, E.C. (2011). Successes and failures in obtaining attentional object-based cueing effects. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 74 (1), 43-69

Conlan, L., Phillips, J. & Leek, E.C. (2009). Analytic processing of unattended primes: Implications for models of the dynamic binding of parts and spatial relations in object recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62, (12), 2289-2297

Johnston, S.J. & Leek, E.C. (2009). Fixation region overlap: A quantitative method for the analysis of fixational eye movement patterns. Journal of Eye Movement Research. 1(3):5, 1-12.

Leek, E.C., Reppa, I., Rodiguez, E. & Arguin, M. (2009). Surface but not volumetric part structure mediates three-dimensional shape representation. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62, 4, 814-829

Leek, E.C. & Johnston, S.J. (2009). Functional specialisation in the supplementary motor complex. Nature Rev. Neuroscience, 10, 1, 78-79.

Harris, I., Dux, P.E., Benito, C.T. & Leek, E.C. (2008). Orientation sensitivity at different stages of object processing: Evidence from repetition priming and naming. PLoS ONE, 3 (5), e2256.

Thacker, N.A. & Leek, E.C. (2007). Retinal sampling, feature detection and saccades: A statistical perspective. Proceedings of the British Machine Vision Association (BMVA), 990-999.

Leek, E.C., Schiemenz, S., Roberts, J.R., Wyn Jones, E., Gathercole, V.C. & Tainturier, M.J. (2007). Independent retrieval of number and grammatical gender in spoken language production. Brain and Language, 103, 63-65.

Tainturier, M.J., Roberts, J., Schiemenz, S & Leek, E.C. (2007). Do reading processes differ in transparent vs. opaque orthographies? A study of acquired dyslexia in Welsh/English bilinguals. Brain and Language, 103, 97-99.

Leek, E.C., Atherton, C.J. & Thierry, G. (2007). Computational mechanisms of object constancy for visual recognition revealed by event-related potentials. Vision Research, 5, 706-713.

Tainturier, M.J., Schiemenz, S. & Leek, E.C. (2006). Separate orthographic lexicons for reading and spelling? Evidence from a case of preserved lexical reading and impaired lexical spelling. Brain and Language, 99, 40-41.

Reppa, I. & Leek, E.C. (2006). Structure-based modulation of IOR is triggered by object internal but not occluding shape features. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59, 1857-1866.

Leek, E.C. & Johnston, S.J. (2006). A polarity effect in misoriented object recognition: The role of polar features in the computation of orientation-invariant shape representations. Visual Cognition, 13, 573-600.

Leek, E.C., Reppa, I. & Arguin, M. (2005). The structure of 3D object shape representations: Evidence from part-whole matching. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31, 668-684.

Tainturier, M.J., Leek, E.C., Schiemenz, S., Williams, C.A., Thomas, E. & Gathercole, V.C. (2005). Access to lexical phonology does not predict retrieval of grammatical gender in Welsh: Implications for theories of language production. Brain and Language, 95, 52-53.

Leek, E.C. (2005). Category-specific semantic memory impairments: What can connectionist simulations reveal about the organisation of conceptual knowledge? In G. Houghton (Ed.). Connectionist models in Cognitive Psychology Psychology Press.

Johnston, S., Leek, E.C., Atherton, C.J., Thacker, N. & Jackson, A. (2004). Functional contribution of medial pre-motor cortex to visuo-spatial transformation in humans. Neuroscience Letters, 355, 209-212.

Leek, E.C., Wyn. R. & Tainturier, M.J. (2003). Syntactic mediation is not obligatory in lexical production: Evidence from a single case study of Welsh aphasia. Brain and Cognition, 53, 268-272.

Reppa, I. & Leek, E.C. (2003). The modulation of inhibition-of-return across object-internal structure: Implications for theories of object-based attention. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 10, 493-50.

Arguin, M. & Leek, E.C. (2003). Orientation-dependence in visual object recognition: Further evidence from repetition priming and picture naming. Perception & Psychophysics, 65, 469-477.

Leek, E.C. Reppa, I. & Tipper, S. (2003). Inhibition-of-return for objects and locations in static displays. Perception and Psychophysics, 65, 388-395.

Tainturier, M.J., Valdois, S., David, D., Leek, E.C. & Pellat, J. (2002). Surface dyslexia without dysgraphia: A case report of a new dissociation. Brain and Language, 83, (1), 197-199.

Leek, E.C. & Pothos, E. (2001). What is specific about category-specificity? Fractionating patterns of impairments and the spurious living/nonliving dichotomy Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 24 (3), 487-488.

Leek, E.C. (2001). Single case studies of neurological disorders: Their contribution to the cognitive neuroscience of vision. Visual Cognition, 8, 263-272.

Tainturier, M.J., Moreaud, O., David, D., Leek, E.C., & Pellat, J. (2001). Superior written over oral picture naming in a case of fronto-temporal dementia. Neurocase, 7, 89-96. 

Leek, E.C., Rapp, B.C., & Turnbull, O.H. (2000). The analysis of drawing from memory performance in brain-damaged patients. Brain and Cognition, 43, 310-315. 

Leek, E.C. (1998a). The analysis of orientation dependent time costs in visual recognition. Perception, 27, 803-816.

Leek, E.C. (1998b). Effects of stimulus orientation on the recognition of common poly-oriented objects. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 5, 650-658. 

Leek, E.C., Rapp, B. & Caramazza, A. (1995). A modality-specific naming impairment with intact object knowledge. Brain and Cognition, 28, 205-206.

Leek, E. C., Rapp, B. & Caramazza, A. (1994). Accessing semantics from vision: The case study of a patient with a visual modality-specific naming impairment. Brain and Language, 47, 323-325. 

Caramazza, A., Hillis, A., Leek, E.C. & Miozzo, M. (1994). The organization of lexical knowledge in the brain: Evidence from category and modality-specific deficits. In L. Hirschfeld, & S. Gelman (Eds.), Mapping the mind: Domain specificity in cognition and culture. (pp. 68-84) Cambridge University Press.