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Formation
Formation
A waterfall is a body of water which falls over a rocky ledge, into a plunge pool positioned below. The formation begins when a stream flows over both soft rock and hard rock. The soft rock, which is positioned below the hard rock erodes quicker, leaving a ledge of hard rock. This creates a ledge for the water to stream over. Eventually the overhanging hard rock collapsing, forming a plunge pool, at the bottom of the waterfall.
Diagrams
Diagrams
Examples of Waterfalls
Examples of Waterfalls
Wallaman Falls
Wallaman Falls
Wallaman Falls is located in Wallaman, Queensland, being the highest single-drop waterfall known in Australia. The main waterfall drop is 268 metres, whilst the plunge pool located at the bottom is 20 metres deep. Approximately 100,000 people visit the Wallaman Falls annually.
Angel Falls
Angel Falls
The largest waterfall on planet Earth is the Angel Falls, located in The State of Bolivar, Venezuela. The waterfall drop is 979 metres, and the plunge pool holds a depth of 807 metres.
Gullfoss Falls
Gullfoss Falls
Located in southwest of Iceland, Gullfoss Falls is popular in Iceland. The water fall drop is only 32 metres, however Gullfoss Falls is exceptionally wide. In fact, walking out and back the track will require an average of 30 minutes to travel.
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