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Which experiments provided evidence to determine the nature of the electron?
Which experiments provided evidence to determine the nature of the electron?
Millikan’s oil drop experiment provided direct evidence for the quantization of electric charge, showing that all charges are multiples of the elementary charge eee.
Studies of cathode rays (by J.J. Thomson) revealed that electrons are negatively charged particles with measurable charge-to-mass ratio.
Electrostatic experiments confirmed that like charges repel and opposite charges attract, helping define the behavior of individual charges.
How can the properties of fields be understood using both an algebraic approach and a visual representation?
How can the properties of fields be understood using both an algebraic approach and a visual representation?
Algebraic methods use formulas like Coulomb’s Law and electric field strength.
Visual representations show field lines; the density of lines indicates field strength, and equipotential surfaces are perpendicular to field lines.
Uniform fields (e.g., between parallel plates) have parallel, equally spaced lines and constant field strength, simplifying both visual and algebraic analysis.
Understandings
Understandings
the direction of forces between the two types of electric charge
Coulomb's law for charged bodies treated as point charges
the conservation of electric charge
Millikan's experiment as evidence for quantization of electric charge
that the electric charge can be transferred between bodies using friction, electrostatic induction and by contact, including the role of grounding (earthing)
the electric field strength
electric field lines
the relationship between field line density and field strength
the uniform electric field strength between parallel plates
the motion of a charged particle in a uniform electric field
magnetic field lines.
HL Only
HL Only
the electric potential energy in terms of work done to assemble the system from infinite separation
the electric potential energy for a system of two charged bodies
that the electric potential is a scalar quantity with zero defined at infinity
that the electric potential Ve at a point is the work done per unit charge to bring a test charge from infinity to that point
the electric field strength E as the electric potential gradient
the work done in moving a charge q in an electric field
equipotential surfaces for electric fields
the relationship between equipotential surfaces and electric field lines.
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Video Lectures
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Sims
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