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A novel morphometric signature of brain alterations in type 2 diabetes: patterns of changed cortical gyrification
A novel morphometric signature of brain alterations in type 2 diabetes: patterns of changed cortical gyrification
There is a lack of studies assessing cortical gyrification in type 2 diabetes (T2D).
We analyzed brain anatomical MRI of 86 participants with T2D and 40 controls, to investigate structural alterations, including cortical thickness and the gyrification index.
The cortical gyrification index was found to be mainly increased in cortical sensory areas in T2D. Moreover, it correlated with features of metabolic control.
Our findings challenge the classical neurodevelopmental association of gyrification mostly with genetic determinants.
Crisóstomo et al. (2021). DOI: 10.1101/2021.02.25.21252196.
Parametric fMRI of paced motor responses uncovers novel whole‐brain imaging biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3
Parametric fMRI of paced motor responses uncovers novel whole‐brain imaging biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3
Neural activation and behavior show critical loss of parametric modulation specifically in SCA3, associated with frequency‐dependent cortico/subcortical activation/deactivation patterns.
Cerebellar/cortical rate‐dependent dissociation patterns could clearly differentiate between groups irrespective of grey matter loss.
Discrimination analysis based on BOLD signal in response to the applied parametric finger‐tapping task significantly often reached >80% sensitivity and specificity.
Duarte et al. (2016). DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23266.
Early Disrupted Neurovascular Coupling and Changed Event Level Hemodynamic Response Function in Type 2 Diabetes: An fMRI Study
Early Disrupted Neurovascular Coupling and Changed Event Level Hemodynamic Response Function in Type 2 Diabetes: An fMRI Study
We discovered a change in HRF in early stages of diabetes. T2DM patients show significantly different fMRI response profiles.
Our visual paradigm demonstrated impaired neurovascular coupling in intact brain tissue. This implies that functional studies in T2DM require the definition of HRF, only achievable with deconvolution in event-related experiments.
Further investigation of the mechanisms underlying impaired neurovascular coupling is needed to understand and potentially prevent the progression of brain function decrements in diabetes.
Duarte et al. (2015). DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2015.106.
Multivariate pattern analysis reveals subtle brain anomalies relevant to the cognitive phenotype in neurofibromatosis type 1
Multivariate pattern analysis reveals subtle brain anomalies relevant to the cognitive phenotype in neurofibromatosis type 1
We investigated subtle anomalies in the NF1 brain, using a multivariate data‐driven classification approach. We used support vector machines (SVM) to classify whole‐brain GM and WM segments of structural T1‐weighted MRI scans from participants with NF1 and non‐affected individuals, divided in children/adolescents and adults groups.
SVM classifiers correctly classified 94% of cases (sensitivity 92%; specificity 96%) revealing the existence of brain structural anomalies that discriminate NF1 individuals from controls.
Voxel Based Morphometry analysis revealed structural differences in agreement with the SVM weight maps representing the most relevant brain regions for group discrimination. These included the hippocampus, basal ganglia, thalamus, and visual cortex.
Duarte et al. (2014). DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22161.
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