References

This page contains articles that provide more extensive information about the topics.

A list of articles below places them in a topic context.  

The articles themselves can be downloaded and/or opened at the bottom of the page 

where they are ordered alphabetically by author irrespective of topic.

Information

• Horgan, J.  2023.  It from Bit and John Wheeler  (4 pg)

• Kuhn, RL.  2015.  Forget Space-Time: Information May Create the Cosmos  (3 pg)

• Research Outreach.  2022.  Reality, information, and consciousness  (5 pg)

• Sanders, L.  2012.  Enriched with information  (7 pg)

• Starr, M.  2025.  It 'not' from Bit_Physicists Rule Out Universe as Simulation  (2 pg)

Creating Memories

• Aiyer, K.  2022.  Cable Bacteria: Electric Marvels of the Microbial World  (4 pg)

• Cassella, C.  2023.  Bacteria can store memories and pass them on for generations  (3 pg)

• Fox, A;  N Lanese (2 articles).  2021.  Slime mold stores memories  (5 pg)

• Lawrence, N.  2022.  The radical new experiments that hint at plant consciousness (6 pg)

• Wade, N.  2011.  In a Tiny Worm, Unlocking Secrets of the Brain  (5 pg)

• Yuhas, D.  2025.  To make better choices, understand how your brain processes values   (6 pg)

Beginnings of Logic, Emotion

• Chittka, L.  2023.  Do Insects Feel Joy and Pain?  (8 pg)

• Dvorsky, G.  2019.  Bees Can Learn Symbols Associated With Counting  (4 pg)

• Giaimo, C.  2019.  Wasps Passed This Logic Test. Can You?  (2 pg)

• Patton, P.  2008.  One World, Many Minds: Intelligence in the Animal Kingdom  (6 pg)

The Mind Emerges:  Simulating and Mentalizing 

• Blaser, R.  2024.  Octopuses and their relatives are a new animal welfare frontier – here’s what scientists know about consciousness 

in these unique creatures  (6 pg)

• Gajbhiye, S.  2025.  Rethinking brain evolution: Birds and mammals took different paths  (4 pg)

• Gajbhiye, S.  2025.  Fish reveal surprising learning skills in natural habitats  (4 pg)

• Robson, D.  2021.  What is consciousness like for other animals and when did it evolve?  (5 pg)

• Robson, D.  2021.  Human-like intelligence in animals is far more common than we thought  (6 pg)

• Wong, K.  2025.  Humans Aren’t as Special as We Once Thought  (3 pg)

Speech, Consciousness – Intersubjective Reality and Symbolic Intelligence 

• Ananthaswamy, A.  2021.  Can physics explain consciousness and does it create reality?  (4 pg)

• Kuhn, RL.  2025.  What 350 different theories of consciousness reveal about reality  (11 pg)

• Lenharo, M.  2025.  How to Detect Consciousness in People, Animals and Maybe Even AI  (5 pg)

• Lewton, T.  2022.  A new place for consciousness in our understanding of the universe  (7 pg)

• McComas, AJ.  2025.  Consciousness: The Road to Reductionism  (13 pg)

• Zimmer, C.  2025.  Two Theories of Consciousness Faced Off.  The Ref Took a Beating.  (4 pg)

Externalizing Intelligence – Artificial General Intelligence

• Hruska, A.  2024.  Book Review and Summary: Nexus by Yuval Noah Harari  (3 pg)

• Leffer, L.  2024.  In the race to Artificial General Intelligence,  where’s the finish line?  (4 pg)

• Li, F.  2024.  Understanding how the world works is the next step for AI  (2 pg)

• Milak, K.  2025.  Why does AI feel so human if it's just a 'calculator for words'?  (3 pg)

• Revell, T.  2025.  'Most of it is good': Berners-Lee on the state of the web now  (5 pg)

• de Silva, D.  2025.  AI's third phase is here. Here's how 'agents' may impact our lives.  (3 pg)

• Turney, D.  2025.  Scientists discover major differences in how humans and AI 'think'  (2 pg)