計畫摘要：
在消費社會形成的過程中，住房的商品化讓家成為消費的基地，人們透過購買各種商品，將家建構為舒服、自在、休閒的生活空間。不過「買房子」到「新家」是個多階段的消費過程，而本研究好奇消費者在購買新房之後，如何用物件和想像組裝出一個新家?
本計畫跳脫過往以階級品味為主的視角，以社會實作理論(social practicetheories)結合市場裝置(market devices)的觀點，探索過去研究所忽視的家內部的物件佈置和日常生活。從物件的角度，本研究探究家的日常實作 (the practices inthe home)、市場是如何設計並行銷新家 (the marketing of a new home)和新家的意義(the meaning of a new home)。
本研究的設計運用三個策略。首先，研究的場域選在台中市一個重劃區，這個區域提供了理想的場域接觸中產階級購房者。接著，本研究將訪談設計師、裝潢統包商，連鎖家俱行等業者，以市場裝置的概念分析市場如何建構家的社會物質安排。最後，本研究規劃針對頂客族、有小孩的或是跟父母同住的購屋者，進行焦點團體訪談，以了解不同的生活方式和家社會物質安排的關係。
本研究將分析新家的日常實作和市場的關係，並將新家置於城市的社會物質系統當中，以討論家的意義和常態化。這樣的研究不但補充了新興消費社會中家的認識，也或有助於討論居住的永續轉型的可能途徑。
Abstract
The commodification of housing has been a crucial aspect of consumer society, which turned homes into the base of consumption and constructed specific meaning of the home as a place of comfort and freedom. However, we know little about the processes after home purchase that makes a house into a home. This research explores how the first-time home buyers assemble a new home through materials and imagination of future everyday life.
The research combines social practice theories and the concept of market device to analyse the material setup of homes, with the aim to understand the imagined practices of the home, the design and marketing of the home, and the meanings of the home.
The research strategically chose a redevelopment zone in Taichung as the main research site, where new metro transport and park are surrounded by a dozen of high rises of 2-to-4-bedroom apartments, allowing the researcher access to middle class new home buyers. The research will start from exploring the strategies of different actors in the home decoration market, including designers, furniture shops, and turnkey services that integrates all aspects of furnishing. The research will also conduct focus groups of different types of home buyers, from couples to small families and families with the elderly.
The analysis will integrate the marketing of a new home with that of the practices in the home, to understand the meaning of the home. This not only embeds the home in the economic processes and everyday practices, but also allows the research to gain insights about how the home interacts with the social material systems of the city. This practice and market-oriented understanding of the home may provide a new approach for our search for a sustainable living.
該網絡將匯集來自台灣和英國的農村社會科學研究人員，開展一個創新項目，探索發展「跨國理論」的前景，該理論可以增進對正在重塑世界各地農村社會和經濟的全球、國家和地區動態的理解。我們所說的「跨國理論」是指一種分析和理解當代農村社會的思想框架，它不偏向任何一種文化或地理背景，而是對基於不同地理環境的多種貢獻和影響持開放態度。該提案回應了對國際農村社會科學中英語概念和西方理論模型盛行的新興批評，並呼籲發展更具包容性和國際化的農村研究，以便更好地參與相互聯繫但混合的農村研究以及當代全球鄉村的異質特徵。
以台灣和英國為重點，被設想為一個切入點，可以探索「跨國理論建構」的可能性，並建立更廣泛應用的原則；但也是該倡議的適當搭配，反映了英國鄉村研究在塑造該領域研究方法方面的長期影響力，以及台灣不斷壯大的鄉村研究界，該團體越來越多地參與國際網絡，但正在轉向對西方概念的翻譯和應用持更批判的態度。因此，值得注意的是，該計畫中的思想交流必須是雙向的，包括考慮植根於台灣文化和社會的理論觀點和概念如何為英國鄉村的社會和經濟動態提供新的見解，反之亦然。透過尋求以這種方式擴大學術分析和對當代農村社會的理解的能力，該計畫還旨在為新政策和實際應用提供建議，以解決兩國農村地區面臨的社會挑戰，特別是圍繞移民、糧食系統與農村政治與治理。該網絡將透過一系列線上和面對面的活動來實現這些目標，重點是討論和比較英國和台灣參與者對選定案例研究的觀點，這些案例研究是有針對性的實地工作提供的，並導致「跨國理論」和合作成果的形成。
This network will bring together rural social science researchers from Taiwan and the UK in an innovative project to explore the prospect of developing 'transnational theory' that can advance understanding of the global, national and regional dynamics that are reshaping rural societies and economies around the world. By 'transnational theory' we mean a framework of ideas for analysing and understanding contemporary rural society that is not biased towards any one cultural or territorial context, but is open to multiple contributions and influences grounded in diverse geographical settings. The proposal responds to an emerging critique of the prevalence of Anglophone concepts and western theoretical models in international rural social science, and to calls for the development of a more inclusive and cosmopolitan rural studies that is better equipped to engage with the inter-connected yet hybrid and heterogenous character of the contemporary global countryside.
The focus on Taiwan and the UK is envisaged as an experimental pilot that can explore the possibilities for 'transnational theory building' and establish principles for wider application; but is also an appropriate pairing for the initiative, reflecting the long-standing influence of British rural studies in shaping research approaches in the field as well as the growing rural research community in Taiwan that is increasingly engaged in international networks, but is moving to a more critical stance on the translation and application of western concepts. Significantly, therefore, the exchange of ideas in the project must be two-way, involving consideration of how theoretical perspectives and concepts rooted in Taiwanese culture and society might provide new insights into social and economic dynamics in the British countryside as well as vice versa. By seeking to expand capacity for academic analysis and understanding of contemporary rural society in this way, the project consequently also aims to contribute to informing new policy and practical applications to address societal challenges facing rural areas in both countries, especially around issues of migration, food systems and rural politics and governance. The network will achieve these aims through a programme of online and in-person activities focused on discussing and comparing the perspectives of British and Taiwanese participants on selected case studies informed by targeted fieldwork and leading to the formulation of 'transnational theory' and collaborative outputs.
計畫摘要
本計劃延伸現有的個案研究，探究食物運動在東亞的跨國交流和合作。為了理解食物運動如何借用他國同儕的經驗，本研究運用「消費道德」和博蘭尼的「經濟作為制定過程」兩個概念，分析食物運動如何論述消費的社會意義並構思相應的食物經濟。研究將聚焦在兩個案例，一個是消費合作社和社區支持型農業的理念和做法如何從日本到台灣然後再到中國，資料將來自亞細亞姐妹會、香港社區伙伴和北京食通社。第二個案例是台灣如何從日本和韓國取經，推動校園午餐的改革，收集台灣大享食育協會舉辦的校園午餐大賽和政策工作坊作為資料。從描繪東亞食物運動的發展路徑，本研究企圖反思東亞消費社會中，對於經濟體系反省和消費行動的探索，並以此嘗試整合經濟制定和消費道德的分析架構。
Abstract
The research explores the transnational interaction between food movements in East Asia, as a way to complement and expand case studies and the focus on embeddedness in the current literature. It will combine the concept of the morality of consumption and Polanyian concept of ‘instituted economic processes’ to analyse how food movements adopt and adapt discourses and alternative economic system from peers in another country. The framework resulted from combining these two concepts will be used to examine two cases: one on the transmission of the idea a consumer cooperative and community supported agriculture from Japan, to Taiwan and more recently to China; the other case focuses on the transmission of school lunch reform from Japan, South Korea to Taiwan. The research aims to contribute to food movement studies by mapping food movement trajectories in East Asia, rethinking the nature of consumer society in the region and developing a framework for analyzing the interaction between economic system and moral discourses.
計畫摘要
台灣的食物運動近年延伸議題，關心食物浪費，發展出多樣的團結和永續的實作。放到區域的脈絡下，可以觀察到台灣食物運動和日本、南韓的食物運動交流學習，同時也成為大陸的食物運動的學習對象。本研究採用消費實作和消費工具的概念，探討食物運動如何用不同的工具重新界定食物品質，建構並整合實作，不同社會裡的食物運動如何借用這些實作的工具。 研究將分為兩部分。第一部分檢視台灣近年新出現的減少食物浪費的倡議團體、共食廚房/餐廳，用訪談和參與觀察，分析媒體、交流活動和商店如何建構知識、能力和意義，改變超市、餐廳和廚房中新的食物實作。第二部分將比較北京、廣州不同的食物運動型態，如何運用媒體、交流活動和商店界定好食物的消費論述、消費者能力和消費的意義，消費工具如何受不同社會脈絡形塑。 本研究的預期貢獻除了試圖描繪東亞食物運動的發展和擴散，理論上則試圖將主流的消費實作觀點和市場工具的分析途徑加以整合，嘗試建構一分析框架能夠處理兩種不同的分析單位，將消費實作扣連到對市場行動者的重新組合，並分析道德消費論述如何整合不同實作。
Abstract
Food waste becomes a critical issue in Taiwan and several social organizations has emerged in the past few years trying to change restaurant and kitchen practices to reduce food waste. As a similar response to food safety and environmental concerns, alternative food movement has developed different emphases in China, as those in Beijing focusing more on consumer organization and those in Guangzhou focusing on solidarity between urban consumers and rural farmers. The question this research aims to address concerns the tools that reconfigure consumption practices and the social arrangements in support of different types of consumer action. This research attempts to analyse food activism through the concepts of consumption device and consumer agencement. It will focus on social media, social events, and social spaces as consumption devices that enable consumers to articulate consumption morality, nurture consumer competence and formulate teleo-affective formation in consumption practices. The concept of agencement then alos allows the research to analyse how consumption devices provide different arrangements for consumer agency, by configuring both practices and networks of actions. While food activism in Taiwan and China use all three devices, those in China face restriction on media and collective action, and this difference allows the research to compare them. This framework will be applied to compare food activism in Taiwan, Beijing and Guangzhou to highlight the influences of distinctive social context on devices and agencement. Specifically, the comparison will analyse how food waste reduction initiatives in Taiwan and alternative food movements in China use social media, social events, and social spaces to frame food issues, configure practices, and the agency of consumer. The comparison aims to explore the usefulness of framework that foregrounds devices to understand practices and agencements in food movements. This will contribute to our understanding of how consumer agency is shaped by discursive-material assemblages and the conditions of their deployment.
計畫摘要
台灣和中國大陸近年出現了各類農夫市集、消費合作社、社區支持型農場，在頻繁食安問題背景 下，試圖透過新的產銷互動模式，來解決市場與管制的失靈。然而現有研究文獻甚少討論食農網 絡中的消費改變，以及西方以外的社會脈絡。因此本研究提問: 公民社會發展如何影響食農網絡 中日常消費實踐的改變? 本計畫採取兩層次的比較研究設計: 一是比較台灣不同食農網絡類型 間關於改變消費實踐的差異，另一個比較台灣與中國各類型食農網絡對改變消費的不同企圖。 這個研究採用博蘭尼 (Karl Polanyi) 的分析途徑，檢視新興食農團體如何制定另類的經濟過程。 本研究的資料會來自各團體的出版品、社群網路線上的分享互動，以及組織者、參與者的訪談。 上述的資料用來分析三個主題: 消費者跟生產者在網絡中如何建構信任、各方如何重新界定食物 的品質、及如何改變消費的日常實踐。從這三個主題，這個研究希望進一步了解信任、食品品質 界定與實踐改變之間的動態連結，以及社會運動的發展如何形塑這個連結。從這個角度分析公民 社會如何建立新的永續消費途徑，本研究期望對消費社會學、食農網絡等領域做出貢獻。
Abstract
Farmers’ markets, consumer cooperatives, and community supported agriculture have emerged in Taiwan and China in recent years, responding to widespread food safety issues by reconfiguring food provision and consumption. Yet literatures on Alternative Food Networks (AFNs) have paid inadequate attention to issues of consumption and different social contexts beyond Western societies. This research thus raise the question of how civil society development shape AFNs’ approaches to consumption practice change? The research will compare attempts for sustainable consumption among different forms of AFNs in Taiwan and compare these with AFNs in China. The research will apply Karl Polanyi’s concept of instituted economic process to examine how AFN institute new economic processes. The data is to be collected from AFNs’ publications, media coverage, social media interactions and interviews with organizers, producers and consumers. The data is analyzed to explore trusting interactions between producers and consumers, the qualification of foods, and consumption practice changes. The analyses aim to understand the dynamics linking these three aspects of changes and how civil society shapes such dynamics. With such understanding, the research expects to contribute to the sociology of consumption and AFNs.