Human Translational Genomics

Myotonic dystrophy (DM), encompassing DM1 and DM2, is caused by CTG and CCTG repeat expansions in the DMPK and CNBP genes, respectively. While both forms share common features like muscle weakness, myotonia, and multi-systemic symptoms, they differ in severity and onset. At our lab, we are dedicated to uncovering the mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy and gastrointestinal symptoms—critical yet understudied aspects that significantly impact patients' quality of life. Our research involves developing innovative preclinical models and pioneering oligonucleotide-based therapeutics. We are also at the forefront of collaborative initiatives, leading the creation of the first Spanish registry for DM1 patients (the DM1-Hub project) and leveraging whole-genome sequencing to identify genetic modifiers. These efforts aim to deepen our understanding of DM, improve patient care, and accelerate the development of effective therapies.

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy D2 (LGMDD2) is a genetic disorder caused by a 15-amino acid pathogenic tail in transportin-3 (TNPO3), which disrupts its nuclear import functions and impairs cellular homeostasis. Our lab has developed the first Drosophila, cell, and mouse models for LGMDD2, offering critical insights into the disease’s mechanisms and potential therapies. Currently, we are investigating subcellular proteomics and conducting collaborative structural studies to understand how this pathogenic tail alters TNPO3 function. Our efforts also focus on drug repurposing and using oligonucleotides to modulate TNPO3 expression to develop treatments for patients. Notably, LGMDD2 patients are naturally resistant to HIV infection due to TNPO3's crucial role in viral nuclear translocation.

Recent efforts are directed toward addressing cancer‑associated cachexia, a multifactorial syndrome characterized by the progressive and involuntary loss of skeletal muscle mass that substantially complicates clinical management. We employ advanced preclinical models to dissect how tumor‑derived factors disrupt systemic homeostasis and promote muscle catabolism. By identifying the key regulatory biological nodes governing these processes, our objective is to develop targeted therapeutic strategies that preserve muscle integrity and function, leveraging mechanistic overlaps with rare neuromuscular disorders. In parallel, we are developing precision‑based therapeutic approaches to target aggressive central nervous system tumors, including glioblastoma (GBM). Our work focuses on inhibiting critical molecular drivers that sustain tumor growth and progression. Through the use of selective inhibitory compounds, we aim to disrupt oncogenic signaling pathways responsible for malignancy and therapeutic resistance.

Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, and Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome (CANVAS) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder associated with progressive ataxia, sensory neuropathy, and vestibular dysfunction. This condition is frequently linked to an expanded AAGGG pentanucleotide repeat in the RFC1 gene, which disrupts normal cellular processes. Our team is developing the first Drosophila model to express this pathogenic repeat, leveraging the organism’s simplicity and genetic tractability for rapid preclinical studies. This model will enable the study of toxic DNA/RNA effects and facilitate drug screening for potential therapies. By combining molecular, cellular, and phenotypic analysis, this work aims to elucidate CANVAS mechanisms and identify therapeutic strategies, fostering innovation in rare disease research.

We have long focused on oligonucleotide therapeutics, leveraging their precision to target genetic diseases. Previous successes include the development of antimiR strategies to modulate miRNA muscle regulators and gapmers, improving disease phenotypes in models of myotonic dystrophy. These studies underscored the importance of efficient delivery systems, as skeletal muscle uptake remains a major challenge. Building on this foundation, we are now advancing preclinical investigations into optimized delivery methods, including bichromatic reporters to track intracellular oligonucleotide activity. Our focus extends to proteomic analyses to understand cellular effects and structural studies of oligonucleotide-target interactions. These efforts aim to develop effective therapies, ensuring precise targeting and minimal toxicity, addressing unmet needs in muscle atrophy and related diseases.

Our lab has extensive experience leveraging Drosophila as a robust preclinical model to study neuromuscular diseases and screen potential therapeutic compounds. These models are highly advantageous due to their rapid development cycles, genetic simplicity, and conserved molecular pathways relevant to human diseases. In previous studies, we developed and characterized Drosophila models for myotonic dystrophy, SMA and LGMDD2, successfully using them to identify drug candidates. Currently, we are expanding this approach by generating precise transgenic models that mimic human pathogenic mechanisms. These models serve as platforms for innovative therapeutic exploration, combining molecular phenotyping with high-throughput drug screening to accelerate translational research efforts.