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1. Obtain tissue
A. Needle biopsy - brain, eye, gland, breast, liver, bone marrow, skeletal muscle
B. Endoscopic biopsy - respiratory tract, GI tract
2. Fixing and staining
Fixing prevents degradation of the tissue
Tissue is cut in to very thin sections - 5 - 10μm (0.005-0.01 mm) to show a single layer of cells
Cells are see-through so must be stained
3. Artefacts
Remember, you are viewing 3D structures which have been sectioned in one plane.
The plane which even a simple object is sliced in changes the shape you see
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