Features and Feature Cards
Features and Feature Cards
Here is a list of features in the random deck, and you can see a feature at random to the right:
CONTENT
season reference: Classical Japanese haiku always included a season reference, direct or indirect.
time reference: As they ground themselves in the moment, haiku often include a reference to the time of day.
weather, wind: Being grounded in nature, haiku often make a reference to the weather, winds, etc.
sun, clouds; moon, stars: If it is daytime, you can often find references to the sun or clouds. If it is nightime, you might find the moon or stars.
plant life: Flowers and all kinds of plant life often appear in haiku.
insect life: Insects of all kinds can also be found in haiku.
bird life: You will often see birds and also hear their songs in haiku.
animal life: There are many non-human animals who are found in haiku.
solitude: Of course, the haiku might be a solitary place, the poet all alone.
an everybody object: All kinds of everyday objects can find their way into a haiku.
something very small: As a small verse form, haiku often features something very tiny: a tiny creature, a tiny object, etc.
color: Some haiku use references to color to paint a picture.
sensation: smell, taste, touch: Haiku might contain references to sensations beyond sight.
sound, or silence: Haiku might invoke a sound, or the silence of no sound at all.
meta-haiku (haiku about haiku): There are a surprising number of haiku that make reference to the writing of haiku; some English haiku are also responses to especially famous haiku from the classical Japanese tradition.
FORM
5-7-5 syllables: Some English haiku imitate the 5-7-5 pattern of classical Japanese haiku.
12 syllables or fewer: Other English haiku follow different patterns for a total of 12 syllables or fewer.
2-3-2 beats: Blyth and others have advocated for counting beats per line: 2 beats, 3 beats, 2 beats.
3 lines, 2nd line longer than the others: In a 3-line haiku, the 2nd line is often longer than the 1st and 3rd lines.
3 lines, break after 1 line: In a 3-line haiku, there might be a break (punctuated or unpunctuated) after the 1st line.
3 lines, break after 2 line: In a 3-line haiku, there might be a break (punctuated or unpunctuated) after the 2nd line.
em dash — or ellipses...: Haiku often use creative punctuation like an em dash or ellipses...
juxtaposition: Does the haiku invoke two distinct images or ideas, juxtaposing them?
no capitalization: Many English haiku use no capitalization, which means lowercase "i" for the pronoun too!
no punctuation: Many English haiku use no punctuation at all.
no verb: Some haiku contain no verb (and remember: participles, like "rising" or "fallen," are adjectives, not verbs).
present tense: If the haiku does have a verb, it is probably going to be in the present tense.
MOOD
openness to whatever arises: Many haiku express an openness to all experience, whatever arises in the moment.
mindfulness: There is a kind of haiku mindfulness, a deep awareness of the present moment.
impermanence: With awareness of the present moment also comes awareness that the present moment is passing away; this is impermanence.
compassion / empathy / tenderness: Accompany that sense of impermanence is compassion, an empathy and tenderness for the passing away of the world.
humor: Humor also finds its place in haiku, both humorous content and also word-play.
mono no aware (bittersweet, wistful sadness): Mono no aware, or just aware, refers to the special quality of sadness found in many haiku.
sabi (a sense of time passing, profundity in stillness): The term sabi is often combined with the term wabi in the idea of wabi-sabi.
wabi (simple, ascetic beauty found even in broken things): The term wabi is often combined with the term sabi in the idea of wabi-sabi.
wabi-sabi (finding beauty in imperfection and impermanence): A blending of wabi and sabi into a combined concept.
karumi (lightness, clarity, ease): The famous haiku poet Basho especially prized this quality in haiku.
yugen (mysterious, subtle, deep beauty): Yugen was originally a Buddhist term that has become important in Japanese aesthetics generally, referring to a sublime, mysterious type of beauty.
mu (empty space that bestows meaning): Mu is a concept from Zen Buddhism that has special relevance to haiku. It is the the essential pause, a negative space or emptiness where meaning can emerge.
satori (insight into the true nature of things): Satori is another Buddhist concept with special relevance to haiku; many haiku poems seek to share a satori-like experience with the reader.
I hope that this features set will be useful to people just starting out with haiku, and it might be useful to others too, especially if you have not worked with some of the Japanese aesthetic terminology.
Ready for something more advanced? You could make a very nice feature set with all the "disjunctions" analyzed in Gilbert's Disjunctive Dragonfly! (The original essay is online, but the book goes way beyond the original essay.)