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The World Health Organization (WHO) defines HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) as a virus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells, a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in fighting off infections. HIV can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) if left untreated. AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV infection, characterized by severe damage to the immune system, leaving individuals highly susceptible to opportunistic infections and certain cancers.
Prevention Programs
Condom Distribution and Promotion
Providing access to condoms and promoting their use to prevent sexual transmission of HIV.
HIV Testing and Counseling
Promoting voluntary HIV testing and counseling services to encourage early detection and linkage to care.
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)
Offering PrEP to individuals at high risk of HIV infection to reduce their chances of acquiring the virus.
Needle and Syringe Programs
Providing access to sterile needles and syringes to reduce the risk of HIV transmission among people who inject drugs.
Behavioral Interventions
Implementing interventions to promote safer sexual practices, reduce substance abuse, and address other risk factors for HIV transmission.
Treatment Programs
Treatment Programs
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART
Scaling up access to ART to suppress HIV viral load, improve immune function, and reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality.
Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT)
Providing HIV testing and ART to pregnant women living with HIV to prevent mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding
HIV Care and Support Services
Offering comprehensive care and support services, including opportunistic infection treatment, nutritional support, psychosocial support, and adherence counseling
Integration of Services
Integrating HIV services with other healthcare services, such as sexual and reproductive health services, tuberculosis (TB) screening and treatment, and mental health services.
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