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Hydrology and Geology
Table 1.) A table containing the hydrogeologic subdivisions of North Carolina aquifers (Sutton and Woods, 1994).
The Castle Hayne aquifer is primarily composed of limestone of the Castle Hayne formation, but further northward it is mostly glauconitic sand (Trapp Jr. and Horn, 1997). The limestone is overlain and underlain with sands and clay (Heath, 1980). Pump test data gives ranges of the transmissivity as 212 to 9930 square feet per day and hydraulic conductivity as .42 to 31 feet per day (Lautier, 2001). The limestone in the aquifer has high permeability and porosity due to well developed dissolution porosity (Lautier, 2001). Storativity values range between 0.0001 and 0.0014. Yields up to 1,000 gallons per minute aren't uncommon because of the aquifer's high permeability, and the yields tend to increase towards the east as the aquifer thickens (Lautier, 2001).
Chemistry
Figure 5.) A piper diagram of the major ions in the upper Castle Hayne aquifer (Sutton and Woods, 1994).
Figure 6.) A piper diagram showing the major ions in the lower Castle Hayne aquifer (Sutton and Woods, 1994).
The upper and lower portions of the Castle Hayne aquifer differ in composition according to figures 5 and 6. The upper portion is calcium-rich and bicarbonate-rich. This indicates that the upper portion's chemistry is controlled by the dissolution of calcite (Sutton and Woods, 1994). The lower portion is alkali-rich and chloride-rich. This indicates that the chemistry is controlled by the mixing of fresh water and saline water (Sutton and Woods, 1994).
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