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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
State the structure of nucleotide as the basic composition of nucleic acid (deoxyribonucleic acid/DNA, and ribonucleic acid/RNA)
Illustrate the structure of DNA based on the Watson and Crick Model
State the types of RNA
Compare DNA and RNA
What is the structure of DNA?
What is the structure of DNA?
Basic unit is nucleotide
Structure of nucleotide
Phosphate group
Pentose sugar (with Hydrogen at carbon number 2)
Nitrogenous base
4 types of bases
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Nucleotides are linked to each other by phosphodiester bond between sugar and phosphate group and forming backbones.
Polynucleotide strands are in opposite direction/anti-parallel
They are double helix
The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds
The hydrogen bond is between complementary base pairs
A must pair with T (2 hydrogen bonds)
G must pair with C (3 hydrogen bonds)
The sugar-phosphate backbone on the outside and the bases on the inside
What is the structure of RNA?
What is the structure of RNA?
Basic unit is nucleotide
Structure of nucleotide
Phosphate group
Pentose sugar (with OH at carbon number 2)
Nitrogenous base
4 types of bases
Adenine (A)
Uracil (U)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Its function is to store and transfers information essential for the synthesis of proteins.
Consist of 3 types
mRNA : Carries the genetic code transcript copied from DNA
tRNA : Transfer/carry amino acids to a ribosome during protein synthesis
rRNA : Forms the ribosomal subunits (rRNA+ribosomal proteins=ribosomes)
DIFFERENT BETWEEN DNA AND RNA
DIFFERENT BETWEEN DNA AND RNA
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