Highland Missions in the Philippines under Spanish Rule©
Bruce Cruikshank, 31 December 2015
Table of Contents
Introduction 2
Overview, Pantabangan, Carranglan, and Pungcan 3
Overview, Tanay Area (now in Rizal Province) 5
Overview, Baler/Palanan Area (now in Aurora Province) 8
Overview, Bikol/Mount Isarog Area 14
Themes, Population Diversity 20
Themes, Trade 34
Themes, Intra-Filipino Conflict 39
Conclusion 44
Selected Bibliography 49
Appendix A: A Finding Guide to Demographic Data 51
Appendix B: Tanay Area, A Franciscan’s 17th Century Report 75
Appendix C: Franciscans who Worked in Philippine Highland Missions 78
Appendix D: Franciscan Views and the Use of Force 81
Finding Guide to Highland Missions administered by the Franciscans 95