Research Economist & Faculty Member
College of Business and Economics (CBE)
Western Washington University (WWU)
I am on the 2026–27 academic job market.
I am an applied macroeconomist working on monetary economics, institutions, and policy. My theoretical research studies monetary competition. It examines how governments respond to stablecoins and which of fiat currency, cryptocurrency, and central bank digital currencies will dominate international exchange. My empirical research examines how institutional quality and external finance, including IMF credit and foreign aid, shape growth and development. My research appears in International Economics and Economic Policy, with a paper forthcoming in the Journal of Applied Economics.
At WWU, I teach economics, mentor students in advanced research, and lead applied economic research for Washington State agencies and private-sector clients. I bring more than a decade of teaching experience at institutions in the United States and Pakistan.
⬇️ Research Statement ⬇️ Teaching Statement ⬇️ Job Market Paper
“Co-optation or Ban? A Theory of State Responses to Private Digital Money” (with David Agyeman-Duodu) — SSRN
The paper extends monetary search models to study how government policy interacts with a stablecoin issuer’s willingness to comply with regulation. When a ban is costly to enforce, the government may prefer regulation, and the issuer complies to avoid a ban. When enforcement becomes even more costly, the issuer may refuse, and the government permits unregulated use despite preferring regulation. The threat of a ban can thus secure compliance without the ban ever being imposed.
Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics (Primary)
Institutional Economics, Political Economy, International Economics, Economic Growth & Development, Econometrics (Secondary)
University of Mississippi, USA – 2024
Ph.D. in Economics (Econometrics & Quantitative Economics)
Dissertation: Essays on Institutions and Growth
Dissertation Advisor: Joshua R. Hendrickson
University of Mississippi, USA – 2021
M.A., Economics
Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU), Pakistan – 2011
M.Phil., Economics
(Specialization: Economic Growth)
University of the Punjab, Pakistan
B.Sc.
(Majors: Economics, Statistics, Mathematics)
Joshua R. Hendrickson, Professor of Economics and Department Chair, University of Mississippi (Dissertation Advisor)
Matthew Roelofs, Professor of Economics and Department Chair, Western Washington University
Hart Hodges, Associate Professor of Economics; Director, Center for Economic and Business Research, Western Washington University
John Ryan Gardner, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Mississippi
Contact information is available on my CV.