Computer and Network Security

Modern day computing networks such as the electrical grid, defense systems, and communications networks all represent high priority targets for foreign adversaries. Attacking infrastructure can seriously hinder the efforts of an entire nation [1]. Thus vulnerabilities in this system are extremely sensitive as they present possible entry points for attackers. The film demonstrates how system faults, such as hardware malfunctions or communication errors, can propagate rapidly when redundant safeguards or human intervention protocols are insufficient. 

The dilemma presented in the film surrounding what to do in the fallout of the accidental bombing mirrors the challenges of responding to a major cyberattack. Attribution can be difficult and time-consuming, creating a window of uncertainty. A nation under a severe cyberattack targeting its critical infrastructure might struggle to determine if it's the victim of state-sponsored aggression, a rogue group, or even a technical malfunction. A misinterpretation could lead to a disproportionate or escalatory response, potentially leading to a wider conflict. Just as the characters in Fail-Safe are trapped by their own procedures, modern nations could be trapped by the fog of cyberwar.

In line with widespread fear of communism and the Soviet Union in the 1960s, Russian cyber crime is still prevalent today, especially in the context of the current war in Ukraine [2]. Russia has been targeting critical Ukrainian infrastructure with cyber attacks [2]. The ongoing cyber conflict in Ukraine shows how the role of human expertise and international cooperation in mitigating the impact of technological warfare is essential. While the threat is digital, the defense and consequences are human. We must rely on the skill of cybersecurity professionals and the willingness of nations to share intelligence and defensive strategies. Both scenarios reveal that as our reliance on technology in warfare grows, so too does the importance of clear communication, diplomacy, and human judgment to prevent catastrophic outcomes.

[1] Lehto, M. (2022). Cyber-Attacks Against Critical Infrastructure. In M. Lehto & P. Neittaanmäki (Eds.), Cyber Security: Critical Infrastructure Protection (pp. 3–42). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91293-2_1

[2] Russian Cyber Operations Against Ukrainian Critical Infrastructure. (n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2025, from https://fsi.stanford.edu/sipr/russian-cyber-operations-against-ukrainian-critical-infrastructure