Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (Shingles in the Eye)
What It Is
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO) is a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) — the same virus that causes chickenpox.
After you recover from chickenpox, the virus remains dormant in your nerve roots for decades. Sometimes, it reawakens as shingles, a painful rash that usually appears on one side of the face or body.
When it affects the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve, it involves the eye and surrounding skin — this is called Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus.
Why It Matters
HZO is not just a skin condition — it’s a potentially vision-threatening disease.
It can cause:
Corneal inflammation (keratitis) leading to scarring and blurred vision
Uveitis (inflammation inside the eye)
Elevated eye pressure (secondary glaucoma)
Neurotrophic keratopathy, where the cornea loses its ability to heal
Retinal and optic nerve complications in severe cases
Without prompt treatment, shingles in the eye can lead to chronic pain, recurrent inflammation, and permanent vision loss.
Who Is at Risk
Adults over 50 years old
Those with weakened immune systems (due to stress, illness, or medications)
Individuals who had chickenpox in childhood
Patients with autoimmune disorders or those undergoing chemotherapy
The risk increases with age as the immune system naturally weakens.
The SHINGRIX Vaccine: Your Best Defense
The SHINGRIX vaccine is a non-live, recombinant vaccine that provides over 90% protection against shingles and its complications, including HZO.
It works by boosting your immune system’s ability to keep the dormant virus under control.
Key Facts:
Given as two doses, 2–6 months apart
Safe for people 50 years and older, and adults 18+ with compromised immunity
Provides long-lasting protection (at least 10 years in most studies)
More effective and safer than the older live vaccine (Zostavax)
What To Watch For
Early signs of HZO include:
Tingling or burning pain on one side of the face or forehead
Red rash or blisters near the eye or nose
Swelling of the eyelid
Redness, tearing, or light sensitivity in the eye
Blurred vision or eye pain
If you notice these symptoms, see an eye doctor immediately. Early antiviral treatment can prevent severe damage.
Bottom Line
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus is preventable.
The SHINGRIX vaccine is a simple, safe, and powerful way to protect your eyes, your health, and your independence.
Vision is freedom. Prevention is power.
References:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Shingles Vaccination: What Everyone Should Know
Liesegang TJ. Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus: Natural History, Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation, and Morbidity. Ophthalmology. 2008.
FDA SHINGRIX Information: FDA.gov