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The civil rights movement was a struggle for social justice that took place mainly during the 1950s and 1960s for Black Americans to gain equal rights under the law in the United States. The Civil War officially abolished slavery, but it didn’t end discrimination against Black people—they continued to endure the devastating effects of racism, especially in the South. By the mid-20th century, Black Americans, along with many other Americans, mobilized and began an unprecedented fight for equality that spanned two decades.
A map of the American South. All of the individual states named on the map were part of the rebel Confederate states who attempted to secede (formally withdraw) from the United States to preserve (keep) the institution of slavery, a crisis that was the immediate cause of the American Civil War (1861—1865).
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