Materi Prepositions (Kata Depan)
1. Definition
A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence.
It often tells us where (place), when (time), or how (direction or method) something happens.
A preposition is a word that comes before a noun and tells us something about place, time, or direction.
Preposition adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara kata benda (noun) atau kata ganti (pronoun) dengan kata lain dalam kalimat.
Biasanya preposition menunjukkan tempat (place), waktu (time), arah (direction), penyebab (cause), cara (manner), alat (instrument), dll.
Contoh:
• The book is on the table. (Buku ada di atas meja → menunjukkan tempat)
• I was born in 2005. (Saya lahir pada tahun 2005 → menunjukkan waktu)
2. Jenis-Jenis Preposition
a. Preposition of Place (Tempat)
• in = di dalam
• on = di atas
• under = di bawah
• behind = di belakang
• between = di antara (2 benda)
• among = di antara (lebih dari 2 benda)
• next to / beside = di samping
🔹 Contoh:
• The cat is under the chair.
• My school is next to the hospital.
b. Preposition of Time (Waktu)
• at = pada (jam tertentu, waktu spesifik)
• on = pada (hari & tanggal)
• in = pada (bulan, tahun, abad, periode panjang)
• since = sejak
• for = selama
• by = paling lambat, sebelum
🔹 Contoh:
• I usually wake up at 6 a.m.
• She was born on Monday.
• We will travel in July.
• I have lived here for 5 years.
c. Preposition of Direction (Arah/Pergerakan)
• to = menuju
• into = ke dalam
• onto = ke atas
• towards = ke arah
• out of = keluar dari
🔹 Contoh:
• He goes to school every day.
• The dog jumped onto the sofa.
d. Preposition of Cause, Reason, Purpose
• because of = karena
• due to = disebabkan oleh
• for = untuk
• from = dari
🔹 Contoh:
• The flight was delayed because of the rain.
• She is absent due to illness.
e. Preposition of Instrument, Means, Manner
• by = dengan (pelaku)
• with = dengan (alat)
• about = tentang
• like = seperti
🔹 Contoh:
• The letter was written by my sister.
• He opened the box with a knife.
3. Pola Umum Preposition
• Preposition + Noun / Pronoun
➝ tidak diikuti verb secara langsung.
✅ Contoh:
• She is interested in music.
• The book is on the table.
❌ Salah:
• She is interested in play guitar.