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the plan itself. The presence of such relationships between external stimuli, both consistent and inconsistent with the higher-priority goal, significantly modulates the effectiveness of dietary self-control [35,43].Our hypothesis, according to which individuals primed for both fattening and healthy food should choose the healthy option more frequently than the controls did, was confirmed. The real response to endangering, as well as encouraging, stimuli suggests that an external stimulus which is consistent with the higher-priority goal is reflected by the consistent behaviour of obese individuals who are involved with and actively practicing proper dietary habits. Moreover, of special concern was the second hypothesis, which concerned the behavioural aspect of self-regulation, i.e., self-control over the temptation of fattening food. We assumed that subjects primed for fattening food would choose healthy snacks more often than the controls did. This assumption was based on the theoretical background as well as on the findings of Study I. This study confirmed an asymmetrically facilitating association between temptation and the higher-priority goal of slimming in obese subjects. Therefore, we assumed that due to the self-control mechanism activated by the endangering stimulus, our subjects would be better protected against the real risks associated with fattening food than the controls were. Our findings confirmed this prediction. Our findings also supported results obtained in similar research on the impact of priming on dietary self-control [43–45]. This, again, suggests that a high level of motivation and active involvement in learning, implementing, and practicing proper nutritional habits leads to the development of intrinsic control mechanisms. Obesity is an acute medic problem in elderly as we pointed out in the introduction. Moreover, obesity threatens the psychophysical health of the elderly. According to the study, abdominal obesity especially widespread among above population, is particularly associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases [46,47]. Besides it affects body-esteem and therefore self-esteem of obese people [48]. That is why many people especially women decide to lose weight. However observations of the slimming patients show that they are struggling with various psychosocial problems while body reduction [39]. For instance obese individuals who wish to modify their dietary habits to permanently reduce their bodyweight are especially afraid of the risks associated with contact with fattening food [49]. They worry they will not be able to overcome the temptation to eat. So they stop meeting their families and friends to avoid exposure to high-calorie food [50]. They fall into conflict with their housemates, whose dietary habits they try to modify to eliminate tempting food products from their immediate surroundings [51]. If continued for longer, such situations are reflected by psychological discomfort and can lead them to believe that their new dietary habits represent too radical a modification, one which negatively affects their relationships with others, and generally makes them less happy [51]. Not infrequently, individuals with excess body weight who undertake inefficient attempts to lose weight claim that their own internal predisposition, which is almost impossible to change, is the main reason behind their failure [49,50]. They declare that they would not experience such difficulties controlling their dietary habits if they had been born with a sufficiently strong will. They dream of being charmed or given a magic pill to strengthen their weak will, to make them resistant to the temptation of fattening food. Therefore, they focus on mal-adaptive and non-natural methods of losing weight [49,50]. Obviously, a strong will has a basis in predisposition; for example, it can be determined by temperamental factors, such as reactivity or endurance [52–54]. However, the realization of our goals is also significantly modulated by our experience and the strategies we employ. This is not infrequently associated with changes which can initially cause a certain degree of psychophysical discomfort until one becomes used to them. The second experiment proved that a strong will, something demanded by so many obese individuals who are ineffective at slimming, can be effectively improved by one’s involvement with and systematic training of proper dietary habits [55]. As a result, such individuals can develop a facilitating association between external stimuli which are consistent with or endanger the higher-priority goal of losing weight.