role of manipulation. Next, we used the design gender (2) group (2) to explain the variance of the dependent variables (the two goals). No main gender effect of gender nor interaction gender group were observed. Homogeneity of variance appeared to be valid, that allowed to proceed analysis of variance. First of all we verified the assumption about the validation of manipulation. The analysis of variance for repeated measures counted for the first goal: the Improvement of one’s silhouette revealed significant effect of factor 1 (the difference between the first measurement–before manipulation and the last measurement–after the manipulation): F = 7.235, p = 0.009; and what’s of special importance: interaction effect: factor 1 group F = 10.105, p = 0.002. Means for obese–slimming participants was: Mbefore priming = 5.700 vs. Mafter priming = 6.440 vs. non-slimming obese participants:The priming worked according to the hypothesis of counteractive control [34] for slimming individuals whereas the same priming provoked non-slimming participants to lower the importance of goal “loosing excess weight”. Manipulation check is in concordance with our hypothesis: the priming Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 244 5 of 13 of fattening food should result in the diminished importance of the goals of losing weight and attaining a good silhouette, or loosing kilograms in non-slimming obese individuals in comparison to the importance of these same goals among slimming obese individuals.silhouette goal than did non-slimming obese individuals. In the case of the Losing excess weight we observed: - t(58)Asignificant=6.76,p effect<0.001of. the group: F(1.56) = 48.41, p < 0.001, eta2 = 0.462, M = 6.44 vs. M = 3.85, t(58) = 6.76, p < 0.001. As with the previously analysed goal, losing excess weight proved more important in the case of As with the previously analysed goal, losing excess weight proved more important in the case slimming obese individuals than in that of non-slimming individuals (Figure 1).of slimming obese individuals than in that of non-slimming individuals (Figure 1).The aim of the study was to verify if priming fattening food in slimming and non-slimming obese individualsTheaimwouldofthebestudyreflectedwasintoanverifyactivationifprimingofthemenfatteningalrepresentationfoodinslimmingofthegoaland(i.e.,nonslimming),-slimming obese turn activating preventive control, and influencing the motivational aspect of self-regulation. Our individuals would be reflected in an activation of the mental representation of the goal (i.e., slimming), hypothesis assumed that priming fattening food resulted in higher importance being attached to in turn activating preventive control, and influencing the motivational aspect of self-regulation. Our losing weight for slimming obese individuals than for non-slimming individuals. This hypothesis hypothesis assumed that priming fattening food resulted in higher importance being attached to was confirmed with regards to both dependent variables. We found that individuals who were losing weight for slimming obese individuals than for non-slimming individuals. This hypothesis actively slimming attached more importance to the two goals (improvement of one’s silhouette and losing was confirmed with regards to both dependent variables. We found that individuals who were excess weight) in comparison to obese persons who were not attempting to lose weight. The literature actively slimming attached more importance to the two goals (improvement of one’s silhouette and losing suggests that the number of kilograms lost is the most important index of successful treatment excess outcome,Therefore, due to different physiological conditions, obese individuals participating successful slimming as, not infrequently, physical exercise included in the obesity treatment program in the program may pay greater attention to other aspects of the slimming process. Consequently, the aforementioned indices should be considered equally important. According to previously published theories, individuals who are motivated and involved in achieving a given goal utilize anti-temptation strategies [33,37,41]. The situation is different in tissue with muscle tissue without a significant reduction in body weight [39,40]. Therefore, due to different physiological conditions, obese individuals participating in the program may pay greater attention to other aspects of the slimming process. Consequently, the aforementioned indices should be considered equally important. According to previously published theories, individuals who are motivated and involved in achieving a given goal utilize anti-temptation strategies [33,37,41]. The situation is different in persons who are not motivated to slim. Priming fattening food led to decreased importance being attached to the improvement of one’s silhouette as well as the losing excess weight goals in this group. We expected such an outcome, as according to the theoretical background there are two prerequisites of an asymmetrical facilitating association between the risk and the higher-priority goal, which activates control measures preventing the surrender to temptation. Firstly, individuals must be highly motivated and involved in the realization of the long-term goal, as well as to be diligent. Secondly, they must use individually developed, extensively and repeatedly practiced efficient strategies of self-control to enable them to achieve their goals [37]. While this first condition is definitely satisfied in the case of slimming obese individuals, the second one is apparently not-as BMI 30 kg/m2 suggests that these individuals did not learn efficient strategies for maintaining normal body weight. However, it should be noted that this quasi-experiment took place at the