The impact of the ERA is demonstrated well in the simulation. Although the DM33 is a relatively old munition, it is capable of penetrating even more modern armor. However, the reactive armor mitigated a significant portion of its effects.
The AMX-10, as a light tank, is not supposed to take heavy hits since it has more of a reconnaissance purpose. They are used for supporting fire because their armament is good, and their observation instruments are very effective. However, its light armor makes them unsuitable for withstanding heavy fire.
Introduced in 1986, the 3BM42 was produced in large numbers and, along with the 3BM32, served as the principal anti-armor round for the Soviet Union through the end of the Cold War. This round saw action in both the Chechen and Georgian conflicts, and saw extensive use on both sides of the so-called "War in Donbass". Seeing worldwide proliferation with the exportation of more modern tank designs by Russia and the Ukraine, the 3BM42 is in service with various users across the Middle and Far-East along with the Americas. Due to export and combat usage, it can be assumed that Russian stocks of 3BM42 rounds have been significantly reduced while Ukrainian stockpiles may be completely depleted.
An up-scaled revision of 115mm 3BM-6 APFSDS round, the 3BM-9 was the first APFSDS round fielded for the 125mm D-81T gun. With a unitary penetrator of maraging steel, large full caliber stabilizing fins, and poor performance involving angled impacts, the round offers only modest penetration despite its high muzzle velocity. Relegated to practice and trial use only, the 3BM-9 round was supplied to users of the export T-72M and produced under license in several countries.
Introduced in 1986, the 3BM42 was produced in large numbers and, along with the 3BM32, served as the principal anti-armor round for the Soviet Union through the end of the Cold War. This round saw action in both the Chechen and Georgian conflicts, and saw extensive use on both sides of the so-called "War in Donbass". Seeing worldwide proliferation with the exportation of more modern tank designs by Russia and the Ukraine, the 3BM42 is in service with various users across the Middle and Far-East along with the Americas. Due to export and combat usage, it can be assumed that Russian stocks of 3BM42 rounds have been significantly reduced while Ukrainian stockpiles may be completely depleted.
The DM33 round was introduced in 1987 and perhaps is the most widely used 120mm tank round in the world. Compared to its predecessor DM33 features a further elongated and thinner penetrator. It also received a break-off tip to improve performance against complex targets. However it was not able to deal with the best soviet tanks of its time, due to its inability to reliably defeat Kontakt-5 ERA, which was demonstrated in the Swedish tank trials in the early 90ies. The propellant was once again modified, making it more consistent under different temperature conditions
This simulation demonstrates well how and why reactive armor excels at protecting vehicles against kinetic energy penetrators.
Without ERA, the DM33 projectile was almost able to penetrate the whole armor, whereas with Kontakt-5, the black plate was barely reached.
The L15A5 armour-piercing discarding sabot uses a dense tungsten-alloy core held within a steel and light-alloy subprojectile, which is itself carried in a light-alloy sabot, the entire projectile assembly weighing 10.4 kg, reduced to 7.5 kg without the sabot.
The L15A3 is capable of defeating both NATO Single Heavy Target (150 mm RHA at 60°), the Triple Heavy Target (triple array equivalent to 115 mm RHA at 60°) at 1000 yards (914 m) or 355 mm at 0° obliquity at 1000 m.