Wearable Microneedle System using Precision Medicine Driven Engineering for Continuous Glucose Monitoring

Objective

To design and develop a single-step fabricated conductive microneedle array capable of real-time biomarker monitoring integrated with AI-based feedback control.

Rationale and Innovation

i. Single-Step Fabrication: Developed a proprietary SLA-based resin formulation incorporating silver, graphene, and silver nanoparticles, eliminating post-

metallization steps.

ii. Hybrid Conductive Composite: The novel Ag-Graphene-AgNP matrix ensures low sheet resistance, while maintaining mechanical robustness.

iii. Biocompatible Design: The printed microneedles maintain structural integrity and penetration efficiency suitable for epidermal interfacing.

Major Outcomes

i.Provisional Patent Filed: “Conductive Microneedle Fabrication for Real-Time Continuous Biomarker Sensing, Drug Dosing, and Blockchain-Secured Data Management” – BITS Pilani (April 2025).

ii.Electrochemically active Ag/AgCl microneedle array validated with mediator blank CVs.

iii.Demonstrated Feasibility: Stable current–potential behavior confirming effective charge transfer and electrode functionality.

iv.Optimized Material System: Proprietary conductive ink exhibiting both flexibility and conductivity under cyclic loading.

Next Phase (Ongoing / Planned)

i.Multi-analyte Functionalization: Immobilization of glucose oxidase, lactate oxidase, and cortisol-binding receptors.

ii.In-vitro Characterization: Validation of selectivity, sensitivity, and limit of detection.

iii.Wearable Integration: Miniaturized potentiostat and wireless data relay module.

iv.AI–Blockchain Coupling: Deployment of real-time adaptive dosing model and decentralized data ledger.

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