Weather

5.E.1 Understand weather patterns and phenomena, making connections to the weather in a particular place and time.

5.E.1.1 Compare daily and seasonal changes in weather conditions (including wind speed and direction, precipitation, and temperature) and patterns.

5.E.1.2 Predict upcoming weather events from weather data collected through observation and measurements.

5.E.1.3 Explain how global patterns such as the jet stream and water currents influence local weather in measurable terms such as temperature, wind direction and speed, and precipitation.

5.P.2 Understand the interactions of matter and energy and the changes that occur.

5.P.2.1 Explain how the sun’s energy impacts the processes of the water cycle (including, evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation and runoff).

Vocab:

Conduction: Transfer of heat through direct touch

Convection: Transfer of heat through air or water

Radiation: The transfer of heat through waves

Process: A set of steps that make a new product or accomplish a goal

Latitude: Invisible lines that divide the Earth from side to side

Longitude: Invisible lines that divide the Earth from top to bottom

Evaporation: When the sun heats up water and turns it into vapor

Condensation: The process of the water cycle where gas cools and becomes a liquid

Transpiration: Process of the water cycle where plants release water vapor from their leaves

Precipitation: Water that falls to the earth as rain or snow

Runoff: Water than moves off of higher places to lower places

Temperature: A measurement of how warm something is

Air pressure: The weight of air above the Earth's surface

Hemisphere: A half of the earth

Thermometer: Instrument to measure temperature

Barometer: Instrument to measure air pressure

Anemometer: Instrument to measure wind speed/direction

Wind vane: Instrument to measure wind

Rain gauge: Instrument to measure precipitation

Humidity: The amount of water in the air

Forecast: Prediction about what weather will be like in the near future

Stratus clouds: Flat dense sheets of clouds that result in cloudy or rainy weather

Cirrus clouds: High wispy clouds during fair weather that sometimes indicate that a change in weather is coming

Cumulus clouds: Puffy clouds that occur during fair weather

High pressure system: A whirling mass of cool, dry air that generally brings fair weather and light winds

Low pressure system: A whirling mass of warm, moist air that generally brings stormy weather with strong winds.

Cold front: A cold air mass replaces a warm air mass. Results in cooler weather

Warm front: A warm air mass is replaces a cold air mass, results in rain and clouds

Jet Stream: High altitude band of wind blowing west to east that form between warm and cold air masses

Gulf Stream: Warm ocean current that starts in the Gulf of Mexico and flows north along the eastern coast of the United States, brings warmer weather

Hurricane: Large rotating storm with high speed winds that forms over warm waters in tropical areas

El Nino: Warming of the surface of the Pacific Ocean

La Nina: Cooling of the surface of the Pacific Ocean

Fair weather: Mostly clear skies with no chance of rain or storms