So last night I paid $20 in shipping for the first time in my life! I used priority next day shipping so I could receive my new piezo buzzer and some resistors on time. The piezo buzzer I'm currently working with suddenly grew constantly quiet. I think I need a better quality one. However, it still works - I'm just glad I have good enough hearing to still be able to mess with it. Below is what I have accomplished. You can also find a video showing this.
I got the piezzo buzzer to make a simple tone.
I have a sequence of tones playing a tune. I learned how to make the tune play once only and how to make it play repetitively.
I got the piezzo buzzer to work when pressure is applied to the cap sensor. It was a two step learning process. First I had to touch a pin and then I lowered the resistance so it made the tone without touching the pin.
I powered my arduino and the piezzo buzzer with a 9v battery instead of the computer. This will come in handy.